Pepper: varieties and its cultivation

Pepper refers to heat-loving crops. But the breeders brought out more than 200 varieties, some of which bring a wonderful harvest even in the harsh conditions of Siberia and the Urals. This is not only the sorts intended for growing in greenhouses. Early varieties of pepper are successfully grown on the open ground. Today in Russia more than three dozen varieties of sweet and two dozen varieties of hot pepper are zoned .

Sweet pepper varieties have different, and they are all appreciated for the high content of vitamins and mineral salts. They have excellent nutritional and taste properties. Pepper has no equal among vegetables in the content of ascorbic acid in ripe fruits.

Early varieties of pepper have a sufficiently large period of technical ripeness of fruits (from the moment of appearance of shoots to harvesting) - 85-100 days. Pepper shrubs are compact, have an average height (height of the bush within 1.0-1.4 m) and thick foliage. The most popular in the CIS were Agapovsky, Atlant, Dobrynia, Ruza F1.

These varieties have a prismatic fruit, a smooth and slightly serrate surface. Individual varieties have a fruit weight of up to 280 grams at a length of 15 cm. Breeders were able to instill varieties resistance to many known viruses - tobacco mosaic and potato virus.

The pepper is very demanding. Sorts of almost everything in conditions of not too short a day develop better. But a great lack of light pepper is contraindicated - a significant part of pepper flowers is not fertilized and falls down.

Water in a large quantity of pepper is most needed in the period of fruiting. With insufficient moisture, many buds and ovaries fall off.

Sweet pepper in most cases grown in seedlings, except in the southern regions, where the seeds of pepper are sown much earlier than tomatoes - at the end of February.

When determining the location of seedlings, account is taken of what was growing on the site in the previous year. The most favorable place is considered to be a site where before the growth of pumpkin and legumes or cabbage. It is not recommended to grow pepper after nightshade and near cucumbers. Varieties of any reduce yields due to such predecessors, and the risk of pepper diseases is great.

Sweet pepper is planted on highly fertile and loose soils that are deeply dug, and have a sandy or loam structure. Sweet peppers, spicy - varieties are planted on beds as far apart as possible - this avoids dusting.

Long before the planting of pepper seedlings (in autumn), soil is prepared on the site for this crop. To do this, make potassium and phosphorus fertilizers, carefully dig through the ground, and in the spring the site is saturated with nitrogen-containing fertilizers. To the loamy soil add the overgrazing manure, peat and rotting sawdust.

With clayy dense soil add sand. With a large amount of sand in the soil, humus, sawdust, wood ash, superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added to the site on the site .

Pepper (varieties any) in the form of seedlings are planted after the termination of frosts at soil temperatures above 15 ° C, this is around the middle of June. Pepper does not require a deep landing - it even hurts it. Seedlings are planted in the ground at the level of the first real leaves.

Since the air temperature at night even in June is not always stable, seedlings for the first 5-7 days are covered with film, polyethylene or paper bags.

After planting the seedlings in the ground, feeding is necessary. In total, no less than two additional dressings are produced. As its use finely chopped leaves of dandelion, nettle, plantain, mullein and wood ash, which are mixed in a barrel and poured with water. The mixture is infused for 7-10 days. So it turns out a fertilizer, which saturates the soil around the pepper. You can use diluted manure with water (1: 10), urea or nitrophosphate. It is often used for feeding bird (chicken) droppings in the proportion 1:12.

If you are dreaming of growing a good crop of a vegetable culture like pepper, you need to choose varieties carefully and be sure to follow the aforementioned agrotechnics.