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Negative pronouns: examples. Propositions with negative pronouns

Part of speech, which combines words, only pointing to objects, their signs and quantitative characteristics, but not calling them, is a pronoun. It has eight digits, one of which is negative.

Definition of negative pronouns

According to the classification, negative pronouns include words that indicate the absence of an object or its sign. They are formed from interrogative words with the help of consoles "not" or "neither." And, "not" is always a shock, and on "neither" the stress never falls.

Negative pronouns: examples of division by grammatical features

All pronouns are divided into categories based on semantic criteria. Do they ask about something, do they call someone, deny something ... The discharge depends on this. But there are still grammatical signs, by which they can be divided into pronouns-nouns, pronouns-numerals, pronouns-adjectives and pronouns-adverbs.

For example, "nobody" and "nothing" are negative nouns-nouns, because they answer the questions "who", "what", tend to cases, and in the sentence serve as a subject or a supplement:

  • Nobody remembers the task at home, did I understand correctly?
  • On its way, nothing will become a stone wall?

And never, nowhere, etc. Are pronouns-adverbs. They do not change, and the circumstances bear the mission.

For example:

  • There was nowhere to go to Vladimir - and he agreed.

Pronouns-numbers and adjectives among representatives of the negative category are not present.

Features of negative pronouns

Unlike most other parts of speech, words belonging to the category of negative pronouns do not have a single system of change. Some "representatives" do not have a nominative case, others do not have gender and numbers, others can boast a complete, so to speak, set of forms, and the fourth are hard as steel, and have one single form.

Each of the pronouns of the negative category is inclined in the same way as the question word from which it is formed.

Changing the pronouns "nothing", "nobody", "nothing", "no one"

Negative pronouns "nothing", "no one", "nothing" and "no one" can only change by case, like the interrogative pronouns that gave them life. They have neither gender nor number. And the words "nothing" and "somebody" never happen in the nominative case. They have a "countdown" starting with the genitive. The words "something" and "someone" are not negative pronouns, but are already classified as vague.

Here are examples of sentences where these pronouns are used in different cases:

  • It's strange that this simple thought was not expressed by anyone.
  • There is nothing to be surprised - he and his father was like that!
  • Nothing so Masha beckoned to visit her grandmother, like her tales before going to sleep.
  • There was no one to take care of Vasilisa.

Changing the pronouns "nobody" and "no"

The words "nobody" and "no" indicate that there is no sign. Like their "prototypes" "whose" and "what", these pronouns have both gender, and number, and cases. Let's give some examples:

  • No gingerbread now you can not entice it.
  • About any indulgence, it can not go.
  • No parents were criticized as much as Petya's mom heard.

The role of negative pronouns in the sentence

Proposals with negative pronouns are very common in both oral and written speech. And these small, but very important words can play a variety of roles. They are able and the role of the subject, and additions, and definitions, and circumstances, and even sometimes the predicate.

Here are the sentences with negative pronouns in different variants:

  • Nobody loves you more than your mother. (Subject).
  • Your name is nobody! (Predicate).
  • No one heard the words because of the noise of the motorway. (Definition).
  • Do not tell anything, please, to the coach - he will be nervous. (Addition).
  • Never forget her first worldly lesson. (Circumstance).

"Not" or "neither"?

Spelling negative pronouns can cause difficulties not only for schoolchildren, but sometimes for adult literate people. No one is immune to the error. By the way, why in this case the word "nobody" has the prefix "and"?

The rule of spelling "not", "neither" in negative pronouns is very simple, and it is easy to remember. "E" is always shock, and "and" - on the contrary.

For example:

  • Nothing - nothing;
  • There was nobody - no one;
  • Nowhere, nowhere;
  • Once - never and so on.

Here's how it looks in the sentences:

  • After such an angry attack, there was nothing to say in response.
  • Ostanin had nothing to do, and he agreed.
  • There was no one to ask, so the old lady herself began to drag water from the well.
  • No one was left in the big, bright room - everyone dispersed.
  • On a huge square, the apple had nowhere to fall during the rally against the increase in tariffs.
  • Nowhere so sweet can not sleep, as at home - on his own bed.
  • Olga had no time to play with the child - she was preparing for an important meeting.
  • Never act as your conscience does not.

Negative pronouns, examples of which are listed above, as well as their other "comrades" may have a coherent spelling, and can - separate. And although the rule is fairly easy and understandable, many here manage to make gross errors. So, what negative pronouns need to be written with the particles "not" or "no" together, and which ones separately?

Split or separately?

The rule says: "No" and "no" will be prefixes and will be written together with a negative negative pronoun, if there is no pretext between them and the root of the word (interrogative word). If there is a preposition, then "not" and "neither" will be particles and all three words should be written only separately.

For example:

  • Nothing - about anything;
  • No one - about anyone;
  • No one - no one;
  • There is nobody - no one;
  • No - no, and so on.

Here are illustrations of these examples in the context of the proposals:

  • Nothing good this conversation will end, better before going to sleep it does not begin.
  • Ivan did not regret anything, he understood that everything was for the best.
  • No one to replace the parents who have gone to eternity!
  • He left and burned all the bridges - he did not remember anyone!
  • Do not ask anyone to do your work for you.
  • Nobody had an extra notebook for the newcomer, and she was upset.
  • Victor went on his way alone, because there was absolutely no one to be.
  • Anna got lost, and there was nobody to ask for the road.
  • No metropolitan restaurant attracted him more than that small, modest cafe in the city of childhood.
  • None of the teachers Vaska did not sit as quietly as Petrovich did.

As can be seen from the examples, separate spelling can only be in those pronouns that tend to cases. Unchangeable words like "never", "nowhere", etc., can not be used with prepositions, and merging writing does not interfere.

Special cases

The Russian language is mighty, rich and sometimes cunning. Especially in relation to foreigners who can break their head about the phrase "yes, no, probably ..." and several other similar ones, where both assertion and negation are contained, we rephrase: "yes, probably not." For reference: the Russian language is the only one in the world where such contradictions are allowed.

There are representatives of the "family" of pronouns in similar "cobwebs". The phrase "as if nothing had happened" is one example of such situations. This phrase is pronounced easily, in one breath. And everyone understands its meaning. But even the native inhabitant of Russia does not, no, and will reflect: "And how to write this?". Where is "e"? Where is "and"? Split or separately? All six words in this case are written separately, and you just need to remember!

For example:

  • He returned and sat down in his place as if nothing had happened.

Also, difficulties arise with combinations of the words "none other than" and "no other". Why, in the first case, is a particle with a pronoun spelled separately and through "e", and in the second, it is merged and through "and"?

The ball rules here as a "how" particle. If it is present, we write "not" and separately, if not, it means "neither" nor merged.

For example:

  • It's none other than you were afraid to take cigarettes in your mouth!
  • No one other than Alena can cope with such a difficult task.

Or:

  • The book is nothing more than a source of knowledge.
  • Nothing other than virtual games, the child is not addicted.

Negative pronouns are one of the inalienable rules of the Russian language. You should not neglect them. If there is the slightest doubt about the rules for writing them, then it's better to look in the directory and check yourself. In any case, we recommend getting a good manual in order to write negative pronouns correctly. And in general, do not hit the dirt in front of foreigners, if they suddenly ask you questions about spelling and understanding of Russian speech.

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