What are grammatical signs? The methods of their determination and functions

Grammatical signs are the components of any part of speech. What are they needed for? Of course, in order to separate one part of the speech from the other to reveal its individual qualities. So, the grammatical features of a word can be either general or belong to a specific part of speech. Each feature group will be discussed below.

Grammatical signs. General Provisions

For all parts of speech there is a certain set of attributes that can be applied to any word. To these characteristics traditionally include the gender (male / female, general / average), number (collective / dual, single / multiple), and also person (first / second and third person).

Another common grammatical attribute is the case. As you know, there are six cases in Russian. Nominal, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental and prepositional. Questions of all cases should be learned by heart, since the possession of such information helps not only in determining the grammatical features, but also in determining the type of secondary members of the sentence.

Grammatical attributes of a noun, verb and adjective

So, along with common features, it is possible to single out individual, characteristic parts of speech for a specific word only. Let's start with the verb. This part of speech has the largest "arsenal". As a rule, they always start with conjugation. It happens first and second. To determine it, it is enough to only present the verb in the second person and the singular, that is, substitute the "you". It should be noted that conjugated verbs only in the indicative mood, and only the future and the present, while the verbs of the past tense have only such features as gender and number. Grammatical signs of the verb include the form - perfect / imperfect, mood - conditionally / indicative / imperative, time (only for the second type of inclination), as well as number, gender and person. Many also distinguish such a sign as a pledge (active / passive and others).

Grammatical signs of a noun have a much smaller composition. First, this part of the speech has a declension, secondly, it is necessary to determine the animation, that is, the noun can be both inanimate and animate. Thirdly, the identity of the name is determined: the nominal or the own.

Grammatical signs of the adjective are also small, like the noun. For this sort of analysis, a definition of the discharge - qualitative / possessive / relative, the degree of consistency with the noun in the genus / number / case, will need to be determined, and a complete or short form should be defined, and whether there is a degree of comparison (only for adjectives that have a qualitative grade).

Thus, the grammatical features of a word help to disassemble it into small details, to determine the components of a particular part of speech. To do this, you need to know that there is a group of general and individual characteristics that are characteristic of each part of speech separately.