Mitral valve function disorders

The mitral valve is a very important element of the human cardiovascular system. In connection with this, any deviations in its functioning negatively affect our health and well-being. We suggest to know about the appointment of the mitral valve, as well as about possible violations in its work, their symptoms and consequences. I also want to note that, if there are any signs that the work of this "detail" of the cardiac muscle is violated, it is necessary to visit the cardiologist, which will help to diagnose a possible disease at an early stage.

Function of the mitral valve in the work of the human heart muscle

The valve is a leaf of a special connective tissue and is located on the left side of the human heart. It prevents the reverse flow of blood entering the left atrium from the left ventricle during a constant contraction of the myocardium. When the heart is completely healthy, the valve, passing the required amount of blood, closes. If the valves begin to close tightly, the heart is stretched and hypertrophied, which eventually leads to disturbances in its work. Most often in this area there are such diseases as mitral valve tightening (or prolapse) and its insufficiency. We propose to elaborate on each of these violations in the work of the heart muscle.

Prolapse

The prolapse of the mitral valve, which is the consequence of compaction, occurs quite often. The disease, as a rule, is asymptomatic. However, it happens that it is accompanied by shortness of breath, pain and palpitation of the heart.

There are several factors that increase the risk of prolapse. These include the reasons described below.

1. Floor. In men, this disease is detected much more often than in the representatives of the beautiful half of humanity.
2. Age. The risk of developing mitral prolapse increases significantly with age.
3. Family history. If one of your relatives has suffered from such a disease, then the likelihood of its occurrence also increases.
4. Structural abnormalities (congenital or acquired changes).

Mitral insufficiency

There are two forms of mitral valve insufficiency: acute and chronic. The first is due to damage to the papillary muscles, surgical operations, ruptures of tendon chords due to myocardial infarction, infective endocarditis and various injuries. Chronic form can be the result of rheumatic damage to the heart muscle, systemic diseases, hereditary or congenital ailments, tumors and other conditions.

The mildest stage of this disease is the insufficiency of the mitral valve of the 1st degree. The main manifestation of the disease is the appearance of noises in the heart. As a rule, patients lead an active life and have no complaints. With mitral insufficiency of the second or third degree to the noise in the heart , shortness of breath and palpitations increase during physical exertion. The most dangerous for human life are the 4th and 5th stages, when dystrophic changes in the heart muscle begin to occur, and the functioning of other organs worsens as a result of circulatory disorders.