Papilloma in the anus: causes and treatment

Papilloma is a benign neoplasm that forms on the skin. Such growths can appear only in a certain place or cover the entire body. Most often this is a tuberous formation, which rises above the surface of the skin. The color of such a build-up can be from brown to dark pink.

It is worth noting that the neoplasm can reach in diameter from 1 millimeter to several centimeters. Specialists often call such growths "papillary polyps".

Classification of papillomas

In some cases, papilloma in the anus can appear. This can be caused by a number of factors. However, the main reason for the formation of the built-up edge is the penetration of the human papilloma virus into the human body. His activity is reflected in cell regulation and activity. As a result, abnormal proliferation of soft tissues is observed.

At the moment there are several varieties of papillomas. They are classified according to oncogeneity:

• Have no oncogenic nature;
• A papilloma virus, in which an insignificant risk of oncology develops;
• Has oncogenic nature and can cause the development of cancer.

Most often, the papilloma in the anus is a benign neoplasm. Often, individual growths begin to fuse. As a result, bumpy growths are formed, called "islets".

Species of anal neoplasms

Papilloma in the anus, the photo of which is presented in many medical reference books, may have a certain degree of carcinogenic danger. It is for this reason that doctors classify several varieties of neoplasms, based on their appearance. At the moment, there are papillomas:

• Pointed. The outgrowths in this case are similar to outgrowths with thin bases. In appearance, they can resemble crests.
• Papular - it is a hummocky growths of dark pink color. Outwardly, such neoplasms resemble warts. Often, such papillomas are formed in the genital area.
• Tumor-like papillomas outwardly resemble tumor swelling. This species is extremely rare.
• Keratotic neoplasms are more similar to growths with a dry, hardening surface.

Papillomas near the anus can be located individually or form a ring around the anus, or grow gradually hillocks.

Causes of development

Papilloma in the anus is usually due to a virus. In the body, it penetrates as a result of the weakening of the immune system. It is worth noting that after infection a person for a long time may not even suspect about the disease. As statistics show, about 70% of the world's population are carriers of this virus. There are a lot of ways of infection. Typically, the weakening of the immune system and further disease occurs for several reasons:

1. Sexually transmitted infection. As studies show, barrier contraception does not protect against the penetration of pathogens into the blood of pathogens.
2. Infection during childbirth. Almost every second woman encounters this problem.
3. Overwork and lack of sleep. The organism working on a limit, simply not in a status to resist to various viruses.
4. Weakening of the nervous system, neuroses, stress.
5. Infectious diseases. Even a common cold has a negative effect on the state of the immune system. In the absence of timely treatment, infection occurs much faster.
6. Malnutrition, in which there is a shortage of trace elements and vitamins in the body.
7. Harmful habits: smoking, drinking alcohol.
8. Constant irritation and trauma to the skin around the anus.

Signs and manifestations

Papilloma near the anus is an unpleasant phenomenon. However, if the neoplasm is small in size, the disease may not appear for a long time and proceed without symptoms. The most common problems occur in those who have anal sex. In this case, papillomas can reach large sizes, causing discomfort. Among the symptoms of the disease is:

• Painful sensations arising from the injury of the growths in the process of emptying the intestine;
• Blood in stool;
• When rubbing about underwear, a small amount of blood is released due to damage to the papillomas;
• Sensation of a foreign body near the anus or in it;
• Constant itching;
• There is pain when walking;
• Sensation of humidity in the anus;
• In the acute stage of condylomatosis there are moist spots on the underwear with an unpleasant odor.

Other symptoms

If the papilloma is located in the anus, the patient may feel the presence of a foreign body like an acne. In such situations, growths appear in the rectum and can be very disturbing.

Permanent damage to the neoplasm can lead to infection in the tissue. As a result, an inflammatory process may occur, and in the future - a serious suppuration. At the same time, papillomas swell, get red and are very painful. At the patient at such course of disease the body temperature can raise and state of health considerably worsen.

Diagnosis of the disease

What if there were papillomas in the anus? Treatment of such a disease should begin with a visit to the proctologist. Only a specialist in a narrow profile can make an accurate diagnosis, and also select the most effective method of therapy. The main thing is to start treatment in time. When forming outgrowths in the anus or near it, the following diagnostic methods can be used:

• Anoscopy - visual examination of a patient in the anus area for the presence of tumors.
• Collecting detailed information about symptoms that are worrisome to the patient, lifestyle, and the presence of chronic diseases.
• Instrumental coloproctological examination - examination with a microscope with a sufficiently high resolution. This method of diagnosis can determine if the rectum is damaged.

If you have the above symptoms, you should immediately seek medical advice from a doctor, since such neoplasms can acquire an oncological form.

How to get rid of papillomas in the anus

It should be noted that the method of treatment of such outgrowths is determined by several specialists: surgeon, immunologist, dermatologist, coloproctology. In this case, much depends on the stage of the disease, the individual characteristics of the patient and the clinical picture as a whole.

Most often requires complete removal of papillomas by excision or destruction. At the moment there are several basic methods:

• Electrocoagulation;
• cryotherapy;
• Laser cutting;
• Chemical method.

Describe deletion methods

Removal of papillomas in the anus takes place only in a hospital. Do any procedures at home is not recommended. With electrocoagulation, the neoplasm is burned to form a white scab. This procedure is performed only under anesthesia. Moxibustion is performed until a third degree burn occurs. It is worth noting that this method is not acceptable if the papillomas were formed on the mucous covers of the anus.

When cryotherapy is carried out, exposure to cold. The papillomas in this case completely freeze. In terms of localization, this method is inaccurate. At the same time, the healing process takes a very long time, and a patch of cotton is applied to the affected area.

Laser removal of papillomas is a virtually painless procedure. Relapses after such therapy are extremely rare.

As for the chemical method, this procedure is performed with the use of the drug Podophylline. This solution operates at the cellular level. The main disadvantage of such therapy is the negative impact on healthy cells. The drug is applied to the papillomas with a spatula. After that, the treated areas are sprinkled with talc.

Features of papillomas removal

After removal of the neoplasm, a biopsy is required to perform the morphological examination. This procedure should be carried out regardless of the chosen method of therapy.

When removing papillomas in the anus or near it, the doctor tries to minimize injuries to healthy tissues. After all, in some cases, the treatment of outgrowths is complicated by heavy bleeding. Many experts insist on the mandatory conduct of electrocoagulation.