Heart Fading: Causes and Treatment

Fading of the heart - the treatment of this disease recently worries the minds of many cardiac surgeons and other "heart" specialists. With what it is connected, what symptoms of this dangerous disease, how to treat it - these are just some of the issues that interest our citizens. It's no secret that a sufficiently large number of people have such a diagnosis as "sinking heart". Symptoms, treatment with folk remedies, treatment in specialized institutions, diagnoses - these concepts should be studied for anyone who has signs of the disease. Below are some topical issues on this topic.

Heart Fading: Causes and Treatment

The cause of the feeling of "fading" in the work of the heart can be various violations of rhythm and conductivity. Some of these conditions do not need medical intervention, and for other forms, a delay in detection and treatment can be fatal. There are supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.

Nadzheludochkovaya extrasystole

This premature electrical activity of the heart. The cause is the source, which is located in the atria, pulmonary and hollow veins, as well as in the atrioventricular junction. After such an extraordinary reduction, an incomplete or complete postextrasystolic pause may develop. Frequent extrasystoles and longer pauses after an extraordinary reduction can give sensations of fading, interruptions in the work of the heart.

These forms of rhythm disturbances have no independent clinical significance, except in cases when their appearance is a start for triggering supraventricular tachycardias, flutter or atrial fibrillation.

In the absence of structural disorders in the cardiac muscle of a special treatment, supraventricular extrasystoles are not required. In cases where they are accompanied by significant subjective discomfort, betta-blockers, verapamil, sedatives can be used.

Often supraventricular extrasystoles are a manifestation of the underlying disease (vegetovascular dystonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, electrolyte disorders), then a diagnosis and treatment of the underlying process are required.

Ventricular extrasystolic arrhythmia

Ventricular extrasystole is the early electrical activity of the heart in relation to the main rhythm, stimulated by the impulse that has arisen in the legs or divergences of the bundle of the Hyis, Purkinje orions, or the working myocardium. After the named process, full compensatory pauses develop, which, like in the case of atrial extrasystoles, are felt in the form of "fading". Ventricular processes of any gradation without organic heart disease are not a risk factor for sudden death, so they are not treated. The exception is healthy patients with hereditary syndromes (congenital lengthening or shortening of QT, Brugada syndrome, etc.).

The fading of the heart, the causes and symptoms of which are discussed here, also occurs as a result of rare heart rhythms.
Normal heart rate is defined within the range of 60 to 100 shocks per minute. Physiological omission of the heart can develop during sleep, with deep breathing, in athletes.

If there is a violation at any stage of generation and carrying out of the cardiac impulse, a pathological bradycardia develops, which can be symptomatic, asymptomatic, and most often requires treatment.

Causes of bradycardia

There are internal and external causes of bradycardia.
For internal reasons include:

• aging;
• Ischemic heart disease;
• Connective tissue diseases;
• Congenital diseases, including weakness of the atrioventricular node;
• Muscular amyloidosis;
• Surgical trauma (bioprosthesis of the valve, heart transplant) ;
• Infectious diseases (diphtheria, rheumatic heart disease, blood infection, typhoid fever).

The external factors of bradycardia include:

• Physical fitness;
• Acute vagal electrotonus (vasovagal disconnections, supercapacity of the carotid sinus);
• Drugs (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, digoxin, lithium, antiarrhythmics);
• Cocaine use;
• Hypokalemia;
• Hyperkalemia;
• Neurological disorders (CNS tumors, increased intracranial pressure);
• Syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea.

For the diagnosis of bradycardia Holter monitoring, accident counters and implantable recording instruments, as well as electrophysiological examination, are used.

Treatment of bradycardia

The first step is to identify the causes of bradicardia and the possible elimination of their action (discontinuation of beta-blockers). If there is no removable base, then medication or temporary or permanent pacing may be necessary).

Medication

To stimulate the heart rhythm with significant inhibitions (longer than 3 seconds) use atropine, isoproterenol, euphyllin. However, taking these medications can cause rhythm disturbances, including life-threatening ventricular disorders.
In patients with infarction and bradycardia due to ischemia, anti-ischemic therapy is carried out and take a wait-and-see attitude, if necessary using a pacemaker.

Patients with sinus syndrome depression and atrioventricular blockade are evaluated for setting a temporary or permanent pacemaker.
There are developed European indications for the installation of permanent pacemakers in patients with SSSU, AV-blockade.

Types of stimulants

There are single-chamber, two-chamber, three-chamber stimulators. The first and second have 1 and 2 electrodes (atrial and / or right ventricular). Three-chamber devices are used for biventricular activation and have an additional conductor for the left ventricle.

When the right atrium is stimulated, the synchronicity of ventricular contraction is impaired. On the ECG during this process, the right bundle bundle is insulated.
With the stimulation of both ventricles, their synchronous work is preserved, the heart hemodynamics in this case is much better.

Implantation

The first such device was installed in 1958. Later, their evolution took place. Now these are modern, very small, high-tech devices.

Currently, an annual installation of 400 to 1200 stimulants per million population.

Cardiopribor conducts electrical activation of the myocardium. The signal spreads through the heart muscle non-physiological way. Its prolonged exposure can cause electrical and mechanical changes in the myocardium. Therefore, the installation of the stimulant must be made for serious indications.

Features of stimulation regimes

During stimulation of the right ventricle, the electrical impulse is applied to the apex of the left ventricle and depolarizes the slow-moving myocardium. On the ECG, this is expressed by the blockade of the left leg of the bundle of His. Such patients have a smaller ejection fraction than patients without blockade. Also in this process, an electrical remodeling of the heart takes place. Recently there has been a tendency to decrease indications for the installation of these stimulants due to a significant number of adverse changes.

It has been established that the lowest ejection fraction is formed upon exposure to the ventricles. Average - with the activation of the atria, then the rest of the heart. The highest release fraction is retained by stimulation of the atria and ventricles along natural pathways.

It has been shown that fibrillation develops less in patients with atrial and two-chamber activation than in patients with ventricular exposure alone.

The two-chamber apparatus, proved by studies and experiments, is better for physically active patients.
Pacemakers are currently the gold standard in the treatment of patients with symptomatic bradycardia. The search continues for the most physiological ways of positive effects on the myocardium.

Conclusion

Thus, fading of the heart (when falling asleep or in other situations) is a very dangerous disease. At the first symptoms of this ailment, you should immediately go to a medical institution, conduct all tests and carefully treat. The faster the treatment and prevention begin, the more effective the treatment procedures will be.