Interruption in heart function, types of arrhythmias, causes of arrhythmia

What abnormalities in the body's work are most often alarmed by the usual, without particular chronic diseases, a person? Of course, a breakdown in the work of the heart! Since this sign can be a bell of the development of severe, previously absent pathologies.

A breakdown in the work of the heart is a single or multiple occurrence of unpleasant sensations in the region of the heart muscle with various manifestations. Namely, "turning over", "fading", stopping (short-term) or "gurgling" in the heart. It may be accompanied by a feeling of "coma" in the throat, a little short of breath, dizziness and even fainting. Sometimes there are interruptions in the heart after eating in a prone position.

Types of arrhythmia

The breakdown in the work of the heart (medical name - arrhythmia) is inherently a change in the strength, frequency and regularity of contraction of the heart muscle. In this regard, there are the following types of arrhythmias:

• Extracosystia. It is determined by a single premature contraction of the heart. Most go unnoticed, but accompanied by a deterioration in overall well-being and a decline in performance. It is revealed as a result of electrocardiography (ECG). The increase in extrasystole may lead to an increase in the number of syncope and stimulate the development of angina and atrial fibrillation.
• Bradycardia. It is determined by the slowing of the heart rate with a decrease in the activity of the sinus node. Some athletes (if a well-trained cardiovascular system) is considered a natural state at rest. When excessive deceleration, the blood flow decreases. There is a lack of oxygen and a shortage of nutrients to various organs. As a result, there are rapid fatigue, dizziness (until fainting), loss of stability of blood pressure.
• Tachycardia. It is determined by the acceleration of the heartbeat with the strengthening of the sinus node. With increasing physical or psychological (fear and excitement) loads, this type of arrhythmia is considered the norm (if after a rest and in a calm state it disappears). In other cases, persistent tachycardia leads to deterioration of the myocardium and impaired blood circulation. There is a risk of ischemic disease and heart attack. This type of arrhythmia is a symptom of many serious diseases.
• Atrial fibrillation (in the translation "madness of the heart"). It is determined by the incorrect operation of the entire myocardium. The disordered reduction of the cardiac muscle indicates the presence of cardiovascular diseases (for example, acquired and congenital heart defects, cardiomyopathy, arterial hypertension). It is accompanied by weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, lowering of blood pressure and other troubles.

The mechanism of heart failure

Failure can occur in different parts of the heart. Namely in the work:

• Atria. Their function is to inject blood into the ventricles.
• Zheludochkov. Their job is to pump blood throughout the body.
• Sinus node. Its function is to generate the pulse necessary to contract the muscles of the heart.
• Atrioventricular node. His work is the inhibition of the pulse, so that atrial contraction occurs before ventricular contraction.

Possible causes of arrhythmia

Interruption in the work of the heart (arrhythmia) can occur for various reasons:

• Cardiovascular diseases.
• Pathologies of the nervous system.
• Diseases of the endocrine system.
• The use of certain drugs.
• Physical and psychological loads.
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Abuse of alcohol, smoking or certain types of beverages.
• Other, less common causes.

To determine the severity of the pathological condition and the nature of its manifestation, a doctor's consultation and examination are necessary. Virtually all types of arrhythmia can be determined using an ECG. The results of the survey are based on further recommendations and instructions of the specialist.