Kinds of tax with photos and names

Homeland tax is considered to be Germany, where their main destination has always been hunting for badgers and rabbits. This is the oldest of the normal breeds of dogs, the time of its inception is still controversial. Now they are assigned the role of mostly room-decorative pets, which are especially "appropriate" in small urban apartments.

In the article you will find information on what types of dachshunds currently exist (with photos and names), what character they possess, how to recognize the recognized breed standard, and how to care for these funny and interesting dogs.

From the history of the breed

It is difficult to name the exact decade or even the century in which the breed originated. According to some reports, the ancestors of dachshunds were used for hunting in ancient Egypt, as evidenced by images of short-legged dogs carved into stone.

The formation of a modern breed standard began in the 16th century on the territory of Southern Germany. The origin of the dachshund originates from such oldest German hunting dogs as biberhund. The first written references to them are found in sources dating to 1700. They can be found information about the so-called "badger or normal" dogs. In the middle of the 17th century. Mention is made of such types of dachshunds as the legged-legged dogs for underground (nordic) hunting and the low-horned coarse hounds.

In the late 18 century. The breed acquires features close to the modern standard. The number of dogs increases significantly, and they are exported to other countries. A whole network of nurseries opens in their homeland. However, the owners of dogs continue to breed them, adhering to purely personal preferences. Only gradually are the so-called working and decorative types of dachshunds determined. Accordingly, there is a need to establish a national and international breed standard. It was adopted in 1870. In 1888, the German Dachshund Club was founded in Germany.

Currently, the breed standard of the International Cynological Federation (FCI) is universally recognized.

The appearance of taxes in Russia

Despite the fact that in Russia the rates have become known since the thirties of the 18th century, they did not receive special distribution. Around the lovers of these dogs was organized the Russian Society of the Fox Terriers and Dachshund in 1900, which led tribal books and engaged in the holding of specialized exhibitions.

In Russia, the dachshund (species of the species, the photo can be seen in the article) was treated more like a decorative dog, rather than a hunting dog. They quickly spread as pets in the midst of the creative intelligentsia. The actress Yermolova MN had an unusual white fee. The Russian classic A.P. Chekhov had at once two dogs of this breed, and in one of his letters to his publisher he spoke of them as "creatures with an ugly appearance (crooked paws, a long body), but with an unusually sharp mind."

The popularity of the breed was badly damaged for political reasons. After world wars, the number of dachshunds has declined markedly throughout Europe and, in particular, in Russia. So, in our country at an exhibition in 1958 there were only eleven dogs. At the moment, all types of dachshunds, with photos of which you can see on the text of the article, are among the most numerous and popular breeds in Russia, mainly as pets. They are full of mischief and gay craftiness, are wonderful watchmen with an unexpectedly powerful and loud voice, which makes them the favorites of the whole family, without exception.

Description of the dog

Dachshunds, whose appearance is very unusual, are far from the standards of beauty in their classical understanding. However, there is something attractive and unusual in them.

This is a dog with a massive skeleton, thoroughly standing on the ground. Dachshunds have an extended muzzle, long ears, gently rounded at the end. The back is strong and muscular, the chest is bulky with a characteristic "keel", deep. The tail is set low, at the base strong and thick, as a rule, the dog keeps it slightly below the back line and only in an excited state raises it up like an antenna. The limbs are thick and short, with a relief musculature. Dogs of this breed move around freely and sweepingly.

Depending on the size, the following types of taxes are distinguished:

• Standard (most common) - weighing up to 9 kg.
• Miniature, or dwarf - weighing from 4 to 5.5 kg, chest circumference is 30-35 cm.
• Rabbit - the weight of an adult specimen up to 3.5 kg, chest circumference up to 30 cm.

You can find different information about what types of taxes are. However, according to the standard of the International Cynological Federation, accepted in t. H. And in Russia, there are only three of them. Dachshunds (and so they are usually called) are divided according to the characteristics of the wool on smooth-haired, long-haired and wire-haired, you can see them together in the photo above. This classification will be discussed in more detail below.

General view and ratio of body parts to the standard

By the standard of the rate is characterized as a squat, short-legged dog of an elongated, but compact body structure. They are very muscular, the planting of a head is bold and provocative. There is a pronounced sexual dimorphism. Despite this body structure, all kinds of dachshunds (with photos please read in our material) are very mobile and plastic.

The breed standard assumes several important characteristics relating to the ratio of body parts. So, the bottom point of the chest should be located at a distance of 1/3 of the height of the withers above the ground level. In addition, the oblique length of the trunk should be in harmony with the withers' height of approximately 1.7-1.8 to 1.

Smooth-haired dachshund: general appearance and color

The smooth-haired dachshund is a short-skinned dog with an elongated but sturdy physique, on short legs, with strong and dense musculature. According to the standard, any color of wool, except for white, is allowed, perhaps only a small bright spot on the chest. Claws and nose are black. Some indulgences are allowed, but they are undesirable. Red dachshunds may have reddish lobe, chocolate - brown or flesh colored. In representatives with a marble color, the spots should be evenly distributed throughout the body and not be too large.

The weight of representatives of this species should not be more than 11.3 kg in males and not more than 10.4 kg in females.

Smooth-haired dachshund in the first place and initially - this is a hunting dog that perfectly adapts to any weather conditions. Its wool is dense and smooth, it is impervious to moisture and dirt.

Extracts from the standard: head, tail, paws

The head of smooth-haired dachshunds is elongated wedge-shaped and uniformly narrows to the tip of the nose. Forehead with a barely noticeable transition, flat.

The dog has a fairly high set tail, tapering toward the end, strong, but not too long, fairly straight and not too uptight.

Forelegs short, broad and straight, only slightly unfolded, posterior ones narrower and smaller. The toes on the paws are collected in a lump.

Longhaired Dachshund: General Appearance and Color

The constitution, size and nature of this species are the same as in the smooth-haired dachshund. Types of colors and requirements for them are similar. The coat is long and silky.

The dog is dense, on short legs, has a strong musculature. The height at the withers should correspond to half the length of the body, and the girth of the chest - twice the height. The tail in a calm state does not touch the ground, and the ears do not extend beyond the tip of the nose when pulled forward. The weight of an adult male is not more than 8.2 kg, females - 7.7 kg.

Color long-haired dachshund can be black with tan, brown, light and dark red, variegated (chubary) or tiger.

Standard head, tail and paw characteristics

Longhaired dachshunds have a dry, long wedge-shaped head, which is especially noticeable when viewed from above and from the side. The forehead is harmonious, not too wide and not excessively narrow, rather flat, does not have a sharp transition to the muzzle. Muzzle has strict lines, narrow, elongated.

The line of the back smoothly continues the tail of a moderate length and tapering to the tip, it is covered with thick wool, not curved and not too raised.

Paws large and wide, set parallel or slightly deployed to the sides. Hind legs slightly smaller than front. Fingers distinctly arched and tightly closed, strong. Quietly standing dog rests on the entire surface area of the feet. Wool is thick and silky, it allows you to tolerate heat, rain and cold.

Dachshund Dachshund: general appearance and color

All indicated types of dachshunds have a similar appearance. But to confuse them with dogs of other breeds is simply impossible. The coarse dachshund from smooth-haired and long-haired differs in body, as it were crouched on the ground, long and dense, with good musculature. Color can be absolutely any, it is supposed (but undesirable) a white stain on the chest. The nose of the nose is black, except the "chocolate" dogs, in which it is colored brown or flesh-colored.

The wool of the wire-haired dachshund fits snugly throughout the body, with the exception of eyebrows, ears, muzzles. It is dense, wire-like, with undercoat. A characteristic feature of this species is a well-marked "beard" on the muzzle. Eyebrows clearly pronounced, bushy. The weight of an adult male should be in the range of 9-10 kg, and females - 8.2-9 kg.

Standard requirements: head, tail and paws

The head of the wire-haired dachshund in profile and from above has a wedge shape, dry, with strict lines. The forehead is not too narrow, but not wide, it gradually turns into an elongated and slightly hunched nose. Well developed superciliary arches. The jaws of the dog are exceptionally powerful, developed very well, long and wide open. According to the standard, the muzzle should not have a square shape.

The back line continues with a slightly curved tail. In a calm state, it should not touch the ground or rise too high.

The forelimbs are wide, dense and straight, or slightly deployed to the sides. The paw is formed by four fingers, they are compact, arched and rest on dense pads. Hind legs slightly narrower than the forelimbs, set in parallel.

What character are the fees?

Previously, exclusively hunting, and now in the vast majority of decorative dogs - that's how it can be characterized by a dachshund. Species of the breed are very common both in Russia and abroad. Taxes are loved thanks to a generous set of advantages. They are brave, attached to the owner, loyal, have a sense of humor, excellent watchman, they are easy to care for and keep clean. Dachshund will be a great companion and companion for adults and children. They are ready to engage in battle even with an unequal opponent, defending their master. Dogs have a sonorous and loud voice, as well as high intelligence, but they are quite difficult to train. With care, taxes are applied to strangers and are aggressive towards them.

Caring for a dog

Dachshunds are quite strong health. The main risk is related to the peculiarities of the structure of their body. The animal has a long back and at the same time short legs - this threatens to shift the intervertebral discs. Therefore, it is important to monitor the weight of the dog (it should not exceed the standard) and its activity. In particular, do not encourage her to jump high or up and down the couch. Strictly observe the diet and the dosage of food. The diet of almost ¾ of the portion should consist of meat, which is so loved by all hunting dogs.

The types of fees listed above are owners of wool, different in characteristics. However, they all need periodic care for it. The benefit for this special effort is not required. Smooth-haired dachshunds should be cleaned daily for several minutes with a rough mitten and then with a soft cloth. Long-haired and short-haired dogs are combed out with a special stiff brush and comb.

Physical exercise

All types of dachshund, with photos and names you have already met above, need physical exertion. Daily walks are an excellent prevention of excess weight gain, which happens to dogs of this breed, kept as pets (not for hunting), quite often. Experts recommend walking with dachshunds for a short time, but often, giving them plenty to run into. It is worthwhile to warn those who have their own country plot or house. Dachshunds, due to their hunting nature, are great fans of digging the land.