Iron preparations for low hemoglobin in adults: a review, instructions for use and reviews

The lack of iron in the human body can cause many problems. Modern drugs with low hemoglobin help to make up the reserves of an important element.

What is anemia?

This condition is characterized by a low level of hemoglobin structures. Anemia develops, in which the oxygen supply of tissue cells deteriorates. There are drugs that increase hemoglobin in the human body.

There are several varieties of anemic conditions, in which there is a shortage of proteins, iron compounds or cyanocobalamin.
The most common form is iron deficiency anemia, caused by a mismatch in the need and intake of Fe-ions.

There are two levels of the disease:

1. The latent lack of iron, in which the ferritin and hemoglobin concentrations are reduced, as well as the transferrin filling, with no clinical signs of Fe deficiency.
2. Actually anemic state with obvious characteristics of a lack of metal in human organs, when there is a disruption of the formation of hemoglobin molecules.

The importance of iron in the body

This is the right element for a person. About 70% of this substance is included in the hemoglobin. Internal organs can not synthesize iron ions, they are delivered only with food.

Hemoglobin protein binds oxygen molecules in erythrocyte cells.

Insufficient iron content causes oxygen starvation. Restore reduced hemoglobin drugs and drugs that contain Fe-ions.

Structure of hemoglobin

The structure of hemoglobin contains four heme-containing protein subunits. Between the protomers, a hydrophobic, ionic, and hydrogen-type compound is formed by a complementary principle.

The heme contains a divalent metal ion, which is included in the prosthetic group.

Symptoms of anemia

Iron preparations for low hemoglobin in adults are prescribed for hypotension, pallor of the skin, sleeping veins, weakness, drowsiness, dizziness, decreased efficiency, palpitations, dyspnea.

The reason for taking the medicine is changing the skin with excessive dryness, peeling. The nail plate becomes striated and brittle, and the hair lacks strength, there is a loss and a section. Iron deficiency can be determined by distortion of taste preferences.

In laboratory studies of blood, the lower limit of the normal hemoglobin content is 130 grams per liter for the male body and 120 grams per liter for the female body.

An easy anemic degree is the value of Hb, which is above 90 grams per liter, but less than 110 grams per liter, with an average Hb of 70 to 90 grams per liter, and in severe form, the Hb level is below 70 grams per liter.

Features of the choice of medicines

To eliminate anemic iron deficiency, the doctor selects drugs that increase hemoglobin, based on the characteristics of iron ions metabolism, digestion characteristics, composition and form of drug.

It was found that the introduction of intramuscular medication gives a worse result than with oral administration of tablet forms. This is explained by the method of assimilation of metal ions, which begins in the intestine. With the first method of administration, more unwanted reactions occur.

Iron preparations with low hemoglobin in adults should include the optimal content of the element in its pure form, which ranges from 80 to 160 mg. This amount is equivalent to 320 mg of sulfate, it is sufficient to obtain the desired therapeutic effect. Deviation from the selected dose or discontinuation of the drug will cause undesirable consequences.

An important condition for proper treatment is to maintain the integrity of the tablet when taken. It is not chewed, but immediately swallowed, washed down with water. Usually, liquid iron-containing medicines are inferior to tableted forms in efficiency.

Complex vitamin-mineral preparations are not able to completely fill the lack of an element in the body because of its small content.

The most safe are considered encapsulated and coated with preparations with iron to increase hemoglobin. This form protects the mucous epithelium of the digestive tract from the negative action of the medication.

Medications for anemia

Depending on the type of anemia, various medications are used. It can be a substance containing iron, or vitamin substances in the form of cyanocobalamin, folic acid and ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopheryl, riboflavin or pyridoxine.

In the aplastic form of the disease, glucocorticosteroid preparations, medicines based on anabolic steroids, androgens, and cytostatics are used.
Drugs with erythropoietin are aimed at stimulating hemopoiesis and increasing the hemoglobin content.

Iron-containing products

They are most often used to treat anemic condition. To this group, iron preparations are included to increase the low hemoglobin. Usually it is saline medicines that are well absorbed through the intestinal wall for subsequent integration into the heme structure. The formation of hemoglobin causes an improvement in oxygen transport.

There are medicines with three or bivalent iron. To improve the availability of the first form, amino acid compounds are necessary, which allow transporting Fe ²⁺ ions to the bone marrow. The assimilability of iron with valence II is enhanced by the action of ascorbic acid, which ensures the transfer of ions and the incorporation into the heme structure.

From the physiological point of view, tablet preparations are more preferable. Parenteral administration of the drug is used to quickly saturate the body element, when there are intestinal pathologies and there is no improvement from treatment with solid forms.

High dosages of medications are used to obtain normal hemoglobin values, and then a maintenance dose is selected. A reduced amount of medication is used to prevent anemia.

Medicines with iron bivalent

People with anemia often ask the doctor a question about how to increase hemoglobin in the blood. The drugs are sulphates with vitamin supplements. The latter contribute to the improvement of absorption and availability.

Most often, the drug "Sorbifer Durules" is used, it contains ferrous sulfate and C-vitamin.

Another common remedy is the tablet "Tardiferron", in them ascorbic acid is replaced with folic acid. The medicine is taken in the morning and in the afternoon, 30 minutes before meals. Tablets should be washed with 200 ml of water.

Capsule preparations include:

• "Ferrofolgamma" with iron divalent sulfate, cyanocobalamin, C-vitamin.
• "Ferretab" with fumarate and folic acid.
• "Fenyuls" with FeSO ₄ , B9, B5, C, B2, B6 vitamins.

The drug "Aktiferrin" in the form of capsules, drops and syrup treat anemia in children.

Inexpensive drug for increasing hemoglobin "Hematogen" in its composition has albumin protein and FeSO ₄ .

The drug "Totem" in the form of a solution contains iron (II) gluconate, copper, manganese.

In the dragon "Prolongatum haemophore" there is sulfate Fe.

Medicines with ferric iron

These include drugs to increase hemoglobin in the blood. The review of this group of drugs allows to determine the dosage form and the feature of active components in the composition of funds from anemia.

In medicaments with ferric iron, this metal is present in the form of polymaltosate hydroxide. Such composition has:

• The preparation "Maltofer", which is made in the form of a syrup, an injection solution and tablets.
• Medicine "Fenyuls", produced in drops and in the form of syrup.
• "Ferrum lek" - tablets, injectable solution and syrup.

The "Biofer" medication, in addition to the polymethyltosate hydroxide, contains folic acid. Produced in tablet form.

In the structure of the drug "Ferlatum", the active component of the solution is protein succinate.

Intramuscularly injected iron preparations with low hemoglobin in adults, if there are certain indications. They are characterized by reduced absorption of iron ions in the gastrointestinal tract with various chronic pathologies in the form of enteritis, chronic pancreatitis, and the syndrome of insufficient assimilation.

Parenteral administration of the drug should be carried out with exacerbation of the ulcer in the duodenum or stomach, with ulcerative colitis, individual hypersensitivity to compounds with iron, removal of part of the stomach or small intestine.

To quickly saturate the body tissues of the body with large blood loss, before operations associated with hemorrhoids, treatment of fibro-myiotic formations and other pathologies, the administration of medication into the muscle is prescribed. The amount of iron in the drug, which is used for injecting therapy, should not exceed 100 mg per day. It is sufficient to completely saturate the transferrin molecules with this metal.
In the form of injectable solutions, drugs such as "Venofer", "Argeferr", "Likferr", "Cosmofer" are produced.

Undesirable reactions in treatment

Iron preparations with low hemoglobin in adults can trigger the occurrence of side effects, which are due to the sensitivity of each patient and the form of the medication.

Some drugs can cause all sorts of processes, allergic, caused by intolerance to the active component.

The mucous membrane of the digestive system organs is irritated by agents containing iron, but not coated with a protective coating. In this case, there are painful symptoms in the epigastric region, as well as a difficult emptying of the large intestine.

The intake of tableted and liquid preparations causes darkening of the enamel on the teeth.

An intravenous way of using solutions provokes a state of thrombophlebitis, in which the vessels in the area of the injection become inflamed.

The effect of therapy

Iron preparations with low hemoglobin in adults begin to act only three weeks after taking the medication, in which there is a slight increase in Hb. The effectiveness of the pharmacotherapeutic effect of the drug is considered positive when the normal values of hemoglobin reach 60 days. After dosage is adjusted for maintenance treatment.

In the treatment of iron deficiency anemia patients are prescribed in parallel with the intake of medicines the use of plant foods, juices in which vitamin substances are present in large quantities. To recover, the body should receive proteins with meat and dairy products.

The most important thing is that the doctor in charge must deal with the choice of the drug for the treatment of anemia. Self-medication will not give the necessary improvements, but will cause unwanted reactions, which will aggravate the course of the disease.