International leasing

International leasing implies the commission of a leasing operation in the case when the contracting parties, the lessor and the lessee, residents of different states, and without limiting the number of countries involved in the transaction.

A special distribution was the mechanism for selling equipment produced by the lessor enterprise. Such a transaction is very beneficial for both parties: the lessor sells its products, and the lessee has the opportunity to receive it at a lower cost, since it can attract financing with lower interest rates than in the country.

From which it follows that international leasing allows us to use the favorable tax regime established in a particular country, that is, it is a kind of export of tax benefits from the country to the country (the lessor - the lessee).

Analyzing the world experience, it can be said that leasing in Europe has already become an integral part of the development and stabilization of the economy of many of its countries. The volume of leasing in them is growing at a much higher rate than the increase in private capital investments in the production of machinery and equipment and machinery.

International leasing includes:

• Direct leasing, when the lease deal is concluded between legal entities of different countries;

• Indirect leasing, where the lessee and the lessor are legal entities of the same country, but the lessor's capital belongs partly to foreign firms, or if the lessor is a subsidiary of a foreign multinational corporation.

Direct foreign leasing is divided in turn into:

• Export, when a leasing company bought from a national firm provides a tenant for a foreigner;

• Import, when the domestic lessee, the lessor provides equipment purchased from a foreign firm.

Leasing and its types

Types of leasing are determined depending on:

- relations to the leased property;

- type of financing of the leasing transaction;

- type of leased property;

- the composition of the participants in the leasing operation;

- the degree of recovery of the leased property;

- market sector;

- attitudes toward tax,

- amortization and customs privileges and preferences;

- the order of leasing payments.

International leasing, like any other, is divided in relation to leasing property in:

• Net - the lessee accepts expenses for servicing leased property for himself and the lessor transfers net payments;

• "Wet" or full - the costs for servicing leased property are assumed by the lessor; As a rule, they are used by the equipment manufacturers themselves; It is one of the most expensive in value;

• Partial (partial set of services), when the lessor performs only some functions for servicing the leased asset.

By type of financing, leasing is divided into:

• Urgent, in case of a one-time lease of property;

• Revolving (revolving), when after the first period the leasing contract is extended for the next period; Object of leasing in this case, after a certain period of time, at the request of the lessee or depending on wear and tear, can be replaced by more advanced new samples.

Depending on the type of property, leasing varies:

• Movable property, such as machinery, equipment, ships, cars, aircraft, etc., both new and used;
• Real estate, for example, buildings, structures.

Leasing is further subdivided by the degree of payback:

• With full payback (or sufficiently close to full), if the full depreciation of the property (or sufficiently close to full) occurs over the term of the leasing agreement and, accordingly, the lessor is paid the property value in full;

• With an incomplete payback period, when only one part of it is leased for the term of a single leasing agreement and, accordingly, only a part of it pays off.

There is another form of direct leasing - return leasing, when the subject of leasing is sold by the supplier of the leasing company, which takes the object back to its former supplier in leasing.