How to make a foundation for a shed with your own hands?

The construction of the foundation is one of the most important construction stages. The carrier platform largely determines the longevity of both large-scale capital objects and small economic buildings. The shed can not be attributed to the demanding objects in terms of the characteristics of the foundation, but in the technique of its construction there are many important nuances. Moreover, this operation in most cases is realized by a modest set of materials and technical means, which in itself forces the performers to look for ways to optimize working arrangements. To arrange a quality foundation for a barn, it will not be superfluous to use the proven technologies to solve similar problems with minimal costs.

Preparation for operational activities

Before the construction of the foundation, it is necessary to carefully calculate the work plan. It is important to determine the location of the facility, the area and orientation of the technological points. An exemplary shed layout will allow the correct positioning of the carrier platform, regardless of which technology it will be used for. To ensure that the foundation for the shed lasts longer and is not damaged during the first stages of operation due to defects in the surface of the earth, it is important to perform soil clearing. The layer of vegetation should be eliminated and, if possible, make the rough coat not only even, but also hard. Perhaps this will also require the removal of loose soil or the use of a ramming tool. The way to achieve the desired characteristics of the base surface will depend on the very quality of the soil.

Preparation of the solution

Almost all methods of constructing a foundation for a shed require the use of concrete. To prepare the mortar, a basic set of water, sand and cement is required, but with the addition in the form of gravel. The fraction of its elements can be any, but it is desirable to correlate it with the volume of the planned mass - the larger the area of the fill, the larger the fraction. For example, gravel for a columnar foundation will have a minimum size, and for tape it is desirable to choose a large fraction. It is important to observe the proportions for the mortar from which the foundation for the shed will be made . With your hands in a small container, sand with gravel should be mixed in a ratio of 3: 5, after which add 1 part Portland cement. Water is added with the expectation of obtaining a thick, but tenacious mass.

Installation of a monolithic foundation

This is a simple technique, but a fairly voluminous way of carrying out the foundation. Its use is justified, if it is a question of building a brick farm building. The essence of the technology is the installation of a solid sand cushion with the inclusion of the same gravel. Approximately 10-15 cm should be arranged foundation, which will later be organized cement screed. But before this, a continuous formwork is formed along the perimeter of the working area, where a foundation for the shed is planned to be installed. With their own hands, restrictive barriers are made, within which cement mortar will be poured. They can be made from plastic or wooden slats with panels - the main thing is that they can hold the poured mass. After this, you can proceed to the installation of reinforcing bars and the direct device of the screed. It should be borne in mind that the full acquisition of the strength of such a foundation can take about 2-3 weeks, depending on the working area.

How to make a foundation for a columnar shed?

The column foundation requires less material by volume, but its implementation implies a more thorough calculation. Typically, a carrier base is formed, fixed on the racks reinforced in the ground. If we are talking about a small barn, then four pillars with a diameter of about 15 cm will suffice. For each of them, a hole is initially poked, into which a pillow of gravel and sand is piled. Next, the pillar rod is installed and filled with cement. If necessary, you can use special equipment to drive the piles. After that, the columnar foundation for the shed is covered with lags. The basis for the flooring will be to build fasteners, including the grilles, grill, channel and profile elements.

Technique of the device of a tape basement

This type of foundation is one of the most common in the construction of residential private houses, but for economic buildings it is considered too troublesome and unnecessarily expensive. To implement this technique, it is necessary to make the pit lines along the perimeter of the working platform. It turns out trenches, which are covered with sand and rubble. For greater reliability in earthen niches, a reinforcement base is also carried out. If a strip foundation is planned for a large area shed, trenches should be made in the central part. Further prepared niches with reinforcement are poured with the same solution. After curing of concrete, you can start work on the construction of a flooring, which can simultaneously perform and flooring the future shed.

How to make a foundation for a shed of foam blocks?

There are two ways of installing a platform for a shed from a foam block. In the first case, it is proposed to create contour bearing lines by the type of a strip foundation. That is, along the perimeter, a trench is made, which is filled with a combination of sand and gravel, after which blocks are laid on the cement slurry. Further, a bonding structure is formed for the flooring of metal or strong lag. The second method is used in working with objects that are demanding in terms of resistance to high loads. In this scheme, the performer puts the foundation blocks all over the site. The foam block itself is characterized by low thermal conductivity, insulating qualities, ease of processing and low price. Therefore, from the point of view of obtaining high performance qualities of the barn as a storehouse of materials that are demanding for maintenance, this variant of the foundation can be the best.

How to choose the best variant of the basement?

Before analyzing the possible options for a suitable foundation, you should determine the tasks that the barn will perform and the conditions of its operation. For a small building in a warm region will be enough pile foundation with several bearing rods. Objects of a large area are desirable to be built on a monolithic basis - for example, from a single concrete screed or as a block platform. These techniques will allow to build a durable and well protected in the lower part of the foundation under the shed. With their hands the monolith is realized by a standard set of tools, but requires more physical effort. For example, to lay a block, you may need the help of one partner, at a minimum.

Is it possible to build a shed without a foundation?

Of course, you will not be able to do without the carrier base completely, but optimization of this structural part of the barn in some cases justifies itself. So, if there are no strict requirements for thermal insulation, then it is quite possible to limit the installation of the frame to four concrete blocks, dispersed in the corners of the future construction. You can make a shed without foundation and on clean ground. Such projects are usually implemented using prefabricated structures, which provide a rigid wood or metal platform, replacing the foundation foundation. But it is important not to forget that the classical foundation also guarantees the horizontal nature of the surface. Therefore, it is important to initially adjust the roughing so that it does not have serious deviations in altitudes throughout the area.

Conclusion

Considering the foundation as a separate part of the main frame of the barn part will be wrong. Even qualitative implementation of the database without taking into account the nuances of the further construction device can bring a lot of problems in the process of operation. The main thing that should be paid attention, matching the foundation for the shed and its structural basis, is the technique of forming a hermetic ligament. The transition is usually performed from concrete or wooden lag to the metal profile. Next, the main skin is made on the shed frame, which can have several layers. Docking zones can be additionally treated with sealants, mineral wool and mounting foam.