How to build a filler: basic rules, proportions and features

When carrying out work on the finishing of various surfaces, a material such as putty is often used. With its help, you can level the walls and prepare them for subsequent painting and gluing wallpaper. Just need to know how to plant the filler correctly. During preparation it is necessary to take into account some details, for example the kind of putty, and also for what works it can be used. Also, the ratio of dry mix to water should be taken into account, since this can affect the quality of the work performed.

Varieties of puttying

The building market offers a huge selection of putty materials. They go on sale ready for use or dry. To prepare a dry putty for finishing works, you should take into account its basis and how to properly plant putty. It is on this depends on its scope and method of preparation.

Plaster on the basis of gypsum

This shpaklevku used for indoor work. It is snow-white in color. The product should not be used in a space with high humidity. The putty is intended only for finishing the surfaces of dry rooms with heating. It can be used in the bedroom, the hall, the front and rarely in the kitchen.

The mixture is applied to the walls before gluing the wallpaper or painting, taking into account the rules that indicate how to build gypsum plaster.

Cement-based plaster

With this type of putty, you can eliminate all the irregularities, swings and various cracks by applying the product to the wall surface. It is suitable for work in any premises - both in dry and with high humidity. Also, cement shpaklevkoi can be made to finish the facades of buildings of concrete, brick and stone.

In the store you can buy a dry mix of cement putty in special packages or a ready-made mortar. Liquid putty has a number of drawbacks: when drying, shrinkage occurs, and the applied thick layer of the mixture may crack. It is sold in a special plastic container.

As for the dry mix, it is necessary to know how to build up the putty with the cement base. The necessary consistency is achieved by mixing. The putty has good adhesion and excellent strength (no cracks appear when the cracks are completely dry). But this is only provided that it is properly prepared and applied to the surface.

Polymer filler

This putty is used for interior finishing only. It has high elasticity, strength and durability. These qualities are achieved due to the polymers contained in the filler composition.

Dry polymeric putty is used for starting and finishing works. The mixture of starting putty has high strength. It is used in the primary treatment to smooth the surfaces and seal the cracks.

Finishing putty has fine grains. Thanks to them, the finished and polished wall will have a smooth and flawlessly flat surface. The mixture should be applied in a thin layer.

Also produce a polymeric universal filler, ready for use. It can be used both for starting works and for finishing, on surfaces without special defects.

Given all the features and proportions, you need to know how to build a filler for walls and other surfaces on different bases.

Features of spreading putty

As in any case, there are certain features. You should know before you understand for yourself how to dilute the filler: the proportions should correspond to the type of products. There are several types:

• For start-up works;
• For finishing works;
• For wall finishing;
• For the treatment of ceilings;
• For finishing facades;
• For indoor work.

From what kind of putty will be used at work, will depend on the answer to the question of how to plant putty. After all, for a certain type of solution you need a fixed amount of water. It should be of the proper thickness and consistency.

• When using 1 kg of dry gypsum mixture (for example, putty "Fugenfüller") it is necessary to take 0.8 liters of water.
• When using cement putty for 1 kg of dry mix, 0.37-0.42 liters of water is necessary, and for 7.4 kg of water it is necessary to use 7.4-8.4 liters of water.
• How to build a putty for walls? The proportions for a dry polymer mixture are: for 25 kg, about 10 liters of water is needed.

The starting putty is used to level the walls. To hide defects of different sizes, the applied layer can be 6 cm. For this reason, the solution should not be liquid, since a thick mixture makes it easier to seal the depressions, and the surface will be faster dry.

The method of applying a putty on the wall also affects the density of the solution. It should be more dense if applied by hand. When working with an airless spray machine, the solution must be in a liquid state.

Answering the question about how to plant the finishing filler, you need to know its proper consistency. When using, it should be borne in mind that it needs to be applied in a thin layer. Therefore, the solution should not be too thick.

Preparation of putty mixture by mechanical means

The process of preparing the finish putty is not too complicated. Before you build the putty, it must be mixed with clean water at room temperature.

To make a putty solution of high quality, water should be added to the dry mix in small doses. For a more effective mixing use a special tool - a construction mixer. Kneading can also be made with an electric drill with a special nozzle, the power of which must be at least 1.5 kW. But it's best to use a drill with a lot of speed. A professional mixer tool kit often includes a universal construction mixer. It is used only for the preparation of a mixture of putty.

At the beginning of kneading, the tool revolutions should be small. Gradually deepening the corolla, it is necessary to expand the zone of kneading. When the mixture acquires a more uniform consistency, it is possible to increase the number of revolutions. After stopping the kneading for a few minutes, it is necessary to continue the process again. Stir it for about 10 minutes. So you can get a uniform consistency of putty. When mixing, the speed of the mixer or drill should not be large, because unnecessary air gets into the putty. Because of this, when applying putty mixture on the surface to be treated, bubbles may appear.

Manually preparing the mixture

If it is not possible to purchase a special tool, the solution can be prepared by hand using a spatula. Only with this solution you have to tinker a little. In this way, it is possible to prepare a filler for starting operations, since there are no special requirements for it.

The prepared mixture should be used in 40 minutes. If during this time putty has not been applied, then it will inevitably thicken. Add water to the thickened mixture is not worth it, because the quality of this only worsen. It is better to throw it away and prepare a new one. Further work such a filler can not be carried out.

To prepare the next batch of the mixture used bucket must be thoroughly washed, so as not to remain fragments of the old composition. Thickened particles, hitting a new batch, will significantly reduce its working efficiency. For example, it can thicken faster. Water for kneading is used clean, without rust.

To mix the putty it is necessary to use a household bucket (galvanized, plastic or enameled). Do not use basins or other containers that have rounded corners on the bottom. Putting the drill bit in a bucket of water, you can clean it from the remnants of putty, scrolling in different directions. To do this, use the reverse function. To water the glass from the nozzle, you must install a drill on the bucket in a horizontal position.

Features of applying putty mix

Applying the first layer of the mixture on the wall surface, do not rush to apply the next one, as it can curtail, tear off the initial layer and increase the drying time. It is necessary to wait for the first layer to dry. Therefore, it is not possible to prime a wet putty. It is also not recommended to add a primer when diluting the dry putty.

Overdrying of the first layer can also badly affect the quality of finishing works. Do not use the heaters and artificially raise the temperature in the room - the putty can quickly dry and crack.

Adhering to these rules and requirements, you can accurately find out how to build a putty for walls and other surfaces.