The Silver Age of Russian Culture

The silver age of Russian culture is considered one of the most refined epochs. According to N. Berdyaev, after a period of decline it was a stage of the rise of philosophy and poetry. The spiritual life of the silver age was perceived as an exceptional phenomenon, reflecting the completion of the historical cycle and marking the beginning of a completely new era.

In the nineties of the 10th century, after depression and timelessness, energy began to flow in creativity. Poets-the eighties were prepared the soil for the decadents of the nineties. At the end of the 10th century, new trends began to assert themselves, new mechanisms for their development were defined. One of the new directions was the avant-garde. Avant-gardeurs were accompanied by a certain lack of demand, "unfulfilled." This intensified their drama, the initial disharmony with the surrounding world, which they carried in themselves.

The silver age of Russian culture was characterized by a synthesis of all arts. D. Merezhkovsky called three basic elements, characteristic for the turn of the century. To them he referred symbols, mystical content and development of artistic impressionability. The Silver Age in literature was expressed in the transition from realism to symbolism.

In the first decade of the 20th century, so many poets appeared in the country, that the past of the 10th century in comparison with this period seems deserted. The silver age of Russian culture is considered to be a complex and turbulent time. This era was characterized by the coexistence of different trends and trends. Many of them were transitory, ephemeral.

The second decade of the twentieth century began with the entry into the literature of the greatest poets and prose writers: B. Pasternak, V. Mayakovsky, A. Akhmatova, S. Yesenin, M. Tsvetaeva, A. Tolstoy. Symbolism is replaced by other currents, but its features are visible in such directions as acmeism, futurism, and new-peasant poetry.

The silver age of Russian culture is marked by the emergence of new styles in architecture: neoclassicism, New Russian style, modernity. For the architects of that time, the architectural idea consisted of an organic connection between form, construction and material. Together with this, there is a desire to synthesize the arts. So, in architecture, the components of sculpture and painting are noticeable.

Despite the fact that the avant-garde in Russia, as well as in the West, aspired to absolutize the "I" in creativity, asociality, Russian social cultural soil had a significant impact on the avant-garde art. Before the avant-garde was the task of expressing spiritual "absolutes" in the corresponding depths of the psyche forms.

The history of culture during this period is the result of a rather complex path. Most of the formed directions, circles, and currents turned out to be unstable. This, according to several authors, confirmed the beginning of the disintegration of culture, its end.

The need for a fundamentally new artistic and scientific interpretation of reality was established in the public consciousness. Its influence was exerted both by religious and philosophical aspirations, the emergence of a liberal state tradition of orientation to reforms and development, the formation of a new type of cultural sphere.

The Silver Age in Russia became the era of outstanding poets, writers, painters, philosophers, actors, composers. During this period, not a single national culture, except Russian, experienced such a rapid rise. The beginning of the twentieth century is characterized as a fusion of romanticism and realism, a flight of fantasy and science, dreams and reality, the proper and existing, the present and the past. This is a kind of period. This time is perceived differently by different cultural figures. According to some authors, it is this era that represents the time of the formation of a new mentality, the birth of a religious philosophical Renaissance, the liberation of thinking from sociality and politics.