How did the evolution of the universe

There are two views on how the material world emerged. Religions attribute to God a leading role in the world order. In particular, the Bible speaks of several days for which God first created light, then water, then the firmament, followed by living beings - right up to the person. Now the Church claims that "six days" is a metaphorical term, where the day is not equal to the day, but lasts much longer. Another, radically opposite view of the origin of the visible, material world is scientific. The evolution of the universe, according to research scientists, began with the Big Bang (it is also called Big Bang), which occurred 10-15 billion years ago.

What was before the emergence of everything that exists? Modern astronomy believes that it was a sphere that shrank to a minimum size, within which free elementary particles moved under the influence of the highest temperatures and pressure . All the material that now fills the boundless cosmos, was compressed within the tending to zero in magnitude point, with which the origin and evolution of the universe began. It is still unclear what caused the Big Bang. However, this explosion itself led to the expansion of the universe, and this process continues even now. What does it mean? That the same number of material particles over time takes an increasing amount.

Will the material world expand forever, or will its growth in the volume slow down, cease altogether, like the way we observe a grenade explosion? Perhaps, after this, the evolution of the universe will cease, and will be replaced by the stage of "folding", narrowing to the original point. We are not yet ready to answer this question with certainty. But the picture of the world, created by scientists, can already describe the successive phases in the growth and transformation of matter. The first era - the hadronic - lasted only one millionth of a second, but during this time there was a process of annihilation of antibaryons and baryons, protons and neurons were formed.

The second and third stages of the evolution of the universe - lepton and photon - also lasted only a few seconds. At the end of the second era, a neutrino sea was formed, and the photon era ended with the separation of matter from antimatter (which occurred as a result of annihilation of positrons and electrons). The universe was expanding, which led to a decrease in the energy density of particles and photons. The photon stage was replaced by a stellar one, which continues even now. However, the formation of stars, galaxies and groups of galaxies occurred (and indeed occurs) unevenly.

Millions of years passed after the Big Bang, while the simplest particles turned into atoms - predominantly hydrogen and helium (these atoms are the main constituent of the universe), the atoms merged into molecules that entered the compounds and formed crystals, substances, minerals. During the stellar era, which at this stage ends the evolution of the universe, galaxies, star systems, planets were formed, life on our Earth was born. Is it possible to say that the "epic fireworks" is over, and we stand on the cooling coals among the scattered smoke?

Scientists came to the conclusion that the evolution of the universe continues. The twists of the giant accumulation of hydrogen flatten matter, transform these clusters into whirlpools. So spherical, elliptical and flattened galaxies are born (depending on the speed of rotation of a colossal one - a hundred thousand light years - of a cycle). The last type of galaxies belongs to ours - the Milky Way. The stars form inside the galaxies under the pressure of hydrogen clots. They also undergo long evolutionary stages: from incandescent supernovae to "red giants", "white dwarfs" and black holes. The same processes occur with our Sun, while the Space continues to expand.