Forms of sensory cognition

Cognition as a phenomenon is studied by science, which is called epistemology.

From the point of view of this science, the term denotes a set of methods, processes, procedures of comprehension of the surrounding world, society, objective reaction.

There are several types of knowledge.

• Religious, the object of which is God (regardless of religion). Through God, a person tries to understand himself, the value of his personality.

• Mythological, inherent in the primitive system. Cognition of the world through the personification of unknown concepts.

• Philosophical. This is a very special, holistic way of knowing the world, the person, their interaction. Assumes not the comprehension of individual things or phenomena, but the finding of general, universal laws of being.

• Artistic. Reflection and acquisition of knowledge through images, symbols, signs.

• Scientific. A search for knowledge that objectively reflects world laws.

Scientific knowledge is dual, he has two approaches. The first is non-empirical (theoretical). This type involves a generalization of knowledge obtained empirically, the construction of scientific theories and laws.

The empirical way of knowing suggests that a person studies the surrounding world through experience, experiment, observation.

Kant believed that there are stages of cognition. The first is sensual comprehension, the second - the mind, the third - the mind. And here on the first place is the cognition of the world with the help of the senses.

Sensual cognition is a way of mastering the world, which depends on the internal organs of a person and his feelings. Sight, smell, taste, hearing, touch bring only primary knowledge about the world, its outer side. The resulting image will always be specific.

There is an interesting regularity here. The image obtained as a result will be objective in its content, but subjective in form.

The object will always be versatile and richer than its subjective perception, because it allows you to know the subject only in a certain perspective.

There are certain forms of sensory cognition.

• Sensations: touch, hearing, smell, sight, taste. This is the first, starting form of knowledge. Gives only a partial idea of the subject. He is cognized with the help of the senses, and consequently, quite one-sidedly and subjectively. The color of the apple can not be judged on its taste, some beautiful (visually) orchids publish the abominable smell of long-missing meat.

• Such forms of sensory cognition as perception allow us to compose a sensual picture of an object or phenomenon. This is the first stage of knowledge. Perception involves an active character, it has certain goals and objectives. Perception allows you to accumulate material on which you can already build judgments.

• Performance. Without this form of sensory cognition, it would be impossible to know the surrounding reality, to comprehend it and preserve it in its memory. Our memory is selective. It reproduces not the whole phenomenon, but only those fragments that are most important.

Three forms of sensory cognition prepare a person for a transition to another, a higher level of cognition - abstraction.