Federal roads of Russia: list, designation. Public roads

It is well known that the Russian Federation has the largest territorial extent on the whole planet. The successful development of the economy, the functioning of all branches of the national economy and the very territorial integrity of such a large state can not be ensured without reliable functioning communication routes between its regions.

Roads of Russia

The road network of modern Russia was formed over several centuries. Its modern state in the Russian Federation can only be described as good or at least satisfactory by an incorrigible idealist. Nevertheless, systemic work on improving the road infrastructure in the Russian Federation is carried out constantly, at a planned state level. One of the manifestations of this is the unification of the entire road network in accordance with state standards. A separate category in this classification is allocated to federal roads. On these highways, a connection is made between the capital of the country and regional administrative centers or between large regional cities. In addition, federal roads lead from the capital to the border with neighboring states. The same status has also sections of international highways passing through the territory of the country from one border to another. The most important feature of federal roads is that their maintenance and construction are financed from the federal budget.

On the map of the country

In accordance with the current system of state standards, all federal roads have their own individual designations on maps and reference books. It consists of a letter index and a number with a route number. As a rule, the letter designation characterizes the distance of the route from the capital of the country, and the numerical index after the letter indicates only the place in the general list of highways designated by this letter. Federal roads with the M index lead from Moscow to regional administrative centers or to borders with neighboring countries. The highways with the P index connect the regional centers with each other. The prefixes AH and E before the alphabetic indexes indicate that these federal roads are part of international routes passing through the Asian or European part of the Russian Federation. The drawback of the existing indexing system is the double notation on maps and in the directories of the same highways for different classification characteristics. Federal roads with the P index are often included in international routes. To designate some, most significant, federal roads, the name of the geographical region, where you can get to them, is added. For example: the federal highway M-7 "Volga".

Access roads

On the maps and in the reference books there are often tracks marked A. The fact is that each federal road includes not only a segment of the route between the starting and ending points of the route, but also access roads to the main road. They are designated by this letter. It is placed before the letter designation of the entire route. The access to the access roads is fully covered by the status of the federal road.

List of roads

A complete list of automobile highways has several dozen names. You can find it in any reference book. All federal roads are located in it in ascending numerical order following each alphabetic index. Currently, a new system for the designation of federal routes is being developed. Its implementation is expected not earlier than 2018. So in a few years the existing list of highways will simply become obsolete.

Federal public roads

According to the legislation in force in the Russian Federation, all existing roads in the country are divided into two legal categories. These are common and non-public roads. Of course, most of the road network has always been and will be related to the first category. Nevertheless, some roads or their individual sections can be assigned the status of non-public roads. These restrictions can be adopted both in favor of state and private structures. Access to such roads for ordinary citizens can be limited both on a temporary basis and on an ongoing basis. It should be formalized, depending on the legal entity, by the federal authorities or by the decision of the administrative bodies of the regional administration. The roads not of general use also include those built at the expense of individuals or industrial and commercial structures.

Toll roads

People in Russia have always used the trails for free, limited to paying the state annual transport tax. Therefore, any payment for federal roads always causes a sharp negative reaction among all those who ride them. And it is quite understandable. How to understand and the simple fact that the roads in the vast Russian expanse will never improve, if you do not invest significant funds in their construction. World experience shows that the introduction of fare gives a real opportunity to raise money for new autobahns. With some delay, this practice is beginning to be used in Russia. The payment for federal roads is already levied on the M4 "Don" highway and on some other sections of federal highways in the European part of the country. And there is every reason to believe that in the near future this practice will find increasing application. The most important principle in the introduction of fare on federal roads is the mandatory availability of a free alternative route. This means that the only road to the settlement can not be paid under any circumstances.