Ecology of Moscow. Problems and their consequences

The ecology of Moscow is the subject of constant discussions of a huge number of commissions, organizations and associations. Nevertheless, for many years now there has been no progress in solving this problem. Visitors complain of fatigue and shortage of oxygen. And the locals, although seemingly generally accustomed to this habitat, every summer strive at the first opportunity to leave the capital and take the children out of the city, going to the sea, to the mountains, renting cottages in the province.

Ecology of Moscow. General description of the situation

The ecological situation of the capital of Russia is very closely connected with the existence of several factors at once, among which the most important are the local background, the natural conditions of the region and the general climatic situation of the area. In addition, important is the prevalence of the special winds of the western rumba, which are observed throughout the year.

According to the metropolitan ecologists, the north-western and western regions are considered to be the cleanest ones. Air in them is further cleared by forest areas located in the west of the Moscow Region. Due to the hilly nature of the terrain and heavy soils, the pollution from here is largely washed away further to the southeast, without lingering either in the soils or in the surrounding water bodies.

The eastern and central regions of the city receive air polluted by local infrastructure.

But the ecology of the city in the eastern and south-eastern part depends largely on the winds, because This territory is planted with greenery only by one third, and the region is considerably plowed up and is more industrial in comparison with the rest.

Ecology of Moscow. Main problems

If we consider all available data as a whole, then we can conclude that the ecological state of the capital is very complicated for today. At the same time, despite everything, the city continues to grow rapidly and develop, gradually moving beyond the ring road and merging with the satellite cities.

• It is difficult to imagine that on average, one Muscovite accounts for up to 50 kg. Various kinds of harmful substances.
• At the moment, according to officially registered data, the population density is already around 9 thousand people per 1 sq.km.
• The modern cleaning system is installed only on 60% of the enterprises, which means that a huge amount of harmful substances enter the environment every day.
• Huge damage is caused by transport, too. Most cars absolutely do not meet the requirements and standards for exhaust gases. This type of pollution is now in the first place.

Who is watching what is happening? At the direction of the local administration, 39 specialized automatic stations are currently monitoring the territory of the city, each of them equipped with modern technical innovations. They are engaged in monitoring the level of pollution of the metropolitan air for the purpose of containing about 20 pollutants.

Moscow's ecology and public health

As expected, the incidence of Muscovites, in comparison with other regions of the state, is on average higher.

The most common diseases are asthma, respiratory, liver, gall bladder, various types of allergies, cardiovascular diseases are common.

According to recent statistics, out of the 94 largest cities in the world, Moscow (on the basis of all indicators) was on the 62nd place, according to natural population growth - at 71st, and by the death rate - by 70th. Survival of babies born here is 2-3 times lower than in some other world capitals.

Active air pollution leads not only to the constant growth of asthmatic and allergic diseases in children, but also to the increased mortality of older people, especially during the periods of annual summer smog.

The environmental problems of Moscow require an immediate solution. At the moment, among the main enemies of health, I would call the following:

• Lack of oxygen necessary for proper breathing;
• Because of the huge accumulation of transport there is an increased concentration of not only carbon monoxide, but also toxic substances - all this is the result of automobile exhausts;
• Melted asphalt in the summer;
• In the winter time the situation is not simplified, because From year to year, various kinds of chemical reagents intended for the accelerated melting of snow are increasingly being used.

A lot of Muscovites are constantly exposed to oxygen starvation, which is exacerbated by constant toxic poisoning. As a result, the immunity is disrupted at a catastrophic rate, the number of asthmatics is increasing, and in the cold season the educational institution is increasingly closed due to colds, in particular influenza.