Domain zones. List of Domain Zones

About 20 years ago, the Internet densely entered our lives, but until now, most users do not quite imagine what a domain is and by what criteria it is chosen. The most popular misconception is that a domain of the 3rd level is poorly estimated and used in extremely rare cases. Is it really unseemly to use it, for example, online shopping, and what should I do when choosing? And also what is the difference between the concepts - domain, domain name, domain zone?

Concept and classification

So, first a little about the definitions. Domain name, or domain, is the symbolic name of the site for its identification on the Internet. For example, yandex.ru is a second-level domain name. The domain zone is the ending following the dot, in this example it is .ru, which means the site belongs to the Runet.

Most often, domain zones are divided into groups according to the territorial sign:

• National (if you need a binding to a specific country - .by, .ru, .ua, etc.);
• International (if there is no such binding - .com, .info, .biz, etc.).

Another classification implies a division of them by subject:

• .info - for news and information portals;
• .am and .fm - for radio stations;
• .tv - for television channels;
• .biz - for commercial sites;
• .name - for resources associated with a certain person, and so on.

Some apply organizational domain zones:

• .net - for Internet companies;
• .com - for business;
• .org - for non-profit enterprises;
• .edu - for educational programs.

These domain zones belong to the first level domains. If you add a word before the dot - you will get a second-level domain (for example, yandex.ru), and if there is one more point and word ahead, then the third-level domain (news.yandex.ru).

How to choose a domain zone?

Of course, in the first place, you should determine who will be targeted by the site.

For the Russian-speaking audience, the .ru domain zone is suitable, for the Belarusian - .by, for the Ukrainian .ua, etc. If you do not need a binding to a certain country, it is better to choose the international zone .com. Large companies with a branched Internet trading structure prefer to have a site with the same name in several domain zones. For example, dom.ua - for Ukrainian buyers, dom.ru - for Russian, dom.com - for international payments.

To clarify a specific country or region, use the list of domain zones.

Russian Domains

The peculiarity of the domestic Internet is the use of not only Latin letters in the address of the site, but also Cyrillic alphabet - this is the domain zone .rf, .moscow, .online (for live broadcasts), children (for sites with children's audience), .org (for public organizations ),. Site (for personal portals, blogs, etc.) and some others.

You can often find domain names with involvement in certain cities and regions - spb.ru (St. Petersburg), msk.ru (Moscow), nov.ru (Novgorod region), etc.

How to choose a site name?

Internet resources are becoming more and more difficult, it becomes more difficult to find a unique name for the site. Therefore, the variants with two or three words are gaining popularity through a hyphen. For example, simple-domain-name.ru. The abbreviation can be used, but on condition that it is generally known, for example, the National Bank of Belarus - nbrb.by. An incomprehensible gibberish from several letters is not the most successful option, since the user is unlikely to remember it and will not be able to type it from memory.

The main thing is that the domain (domain name), domain zone were simple to remember and later playback. Do not use misspelled words - cofe.ru or cofie.ru. Ask your friends by ear to write down the address. If a person could correctly enter it when pronouncing, then other users will be able to find you.

If the name of the company is not important for you, try using a keyword (phrase) in the name in Latin, for example, computer.ru.

Why do we need third-level domains?

In some situations, it is more appropriate to apply third-level domains, for example, if it is a blog or portfolio. As a domain zone in this case, .name can act. An example is ivan.ivanov.name. In this case, the second-level domain will be available for all other Ivanovs.

But of course, most often third-level domains are resorted to when they do not want to pay for the site. For example, if this is not a commercial resource, if the administrator so wants to practice the basics of web programming, if this is a trial version of the site. How to get the domain for free is described below, but for now let's analyze what it will take to open a domain of the 2nd level.

How to get a domain?

So, the site name is invented, it remains only to check it for uniqueness and register, so that the site could start functioning. To do this, you first go to the WHOIS information service and check if the domain is free.

If the name is unique, go to the website of the accredited registrar Rucentra - nic.ru. Here the registration of the domain zone will require the following steps:

1. Acquaintance with the rules of rendering services and conclusion of an offer contract in electronic form. If you want, you can conclude a paper version by coming to the main office of RU-CENTER or by sending a printed version in a double copy (the second after the signing will be returned to you back).
2. Filling the questionnaire of the site administrator (as a physical person, legal entity or individual entrepreneur), submission of documents. This step should be taken with special responsibility, because at the slightest error, data mismatch, you can not transfer the rights to the domain to another person in the future and you yourself may lose the ability to manage it.
3. Create an order for a domain and related services.
4. Formation of value and payment in various ways - cash, non-cash, Internet payment, etc.

For those who for some reason do not want to pay money for the site or make their first steps in site building, there are free domain zones. What is it and how do they work?

How to get a free domain?

Immediately it is worth mentioning that it is practically impossible to get a domain for level 2 free of charge. And if such an offer meets you, then, most likely, a year after the place still have to pay, and quite a lot.

Much more often there are free domains of the 3rd level. How to find them?

One of the options is to apply to free hosting and site designers - ucoz.com, narod.ru.

The second option is to enter free domains in the search engine to get to English resources, where the chances of getting a better domain are longer. Among the first you will find the site freenom.com, where you can not only register a second-level domain in zones GA, TC, CF, ML, but also bind your DNS, and then dispose of your entire site for a fee. There are a lot of similar resources here, for example, registry.cu.cc, codotvu.com, freedomain.co.nr and many others.

New domain zones are gaining popularity - .cu.cc, .uni.me, .cz.cc, .eu.org .de.cc, .at.cc, .ch.cc and others.

As for domestic services, the good conditions for obtaining a free domain are offered by .pp.ua (private person). Here you can conveniently place any personal website or personal blog.

The main question related to such domains is how much is the search engine relevant to them and can you promote the site to the top on such platforms? To do this, enter the site: ch.cc or site: at.cc (for Google) or url = "*. Ch.cc query in the search engine of interest, and see if such domains are indexed in the search.

Summary

Domain, domain name, domain zone is something that no site can function without. Summarizing all of the above, it is possible to distinguish 5 key stages of domain connection and site creation:

1. The choice of the domain zone according to the most suitable for you principle - territorial or thematic.
2. Create a domain name and check it for uniqueness through a special WHOIS service.
3. The conclusion of a contract for the receipt of a domain with the Russian center RU-CENTER.
4. Additional services connection.
5. Payment in a convenient way.

This is all about obtaining a paid domain. In case you want to do this for free, the stages of only 2 - find a suitable service that will provide a domain of the 3rd level on conditions convenient for you, and create a unique domain name.

The only thing in this case there can be a problem with website promotion, since search engines prefer paid domains of the second level, which means that your site is unlikely to fall on the first lines of the search query.