Diseases transmitted by airborne droplets, prevention and severity

Do you know which diseases are transmitted by airborne droplets? If you do not know anything about such diseases, then we will tell about them in the article presented.

general information

Diseases transmitted by airborne droplets are characterized by the fact that they are infected after close contact with the person who carries the infection (for example, during a conversation, coughing, yawning, sneezing, etc.). How does this happen? In the process of contact with the patient, microscopic particles of mucous secretion, which contain bacteria or viruses, emanate from the patient. It is they that infect the upper respiratory tract and cause the development of the disease.

Very often, diseases transmitted by airborne droplets occur during the autumn-winter period. So what are these diseases? Let's list them right now.

Flu

The usual flu, as well as swine flu, can be picked up already in the first two days after the appearance of the first signs in the carrier. What is the danger of contact with an infected person? After the defeat of the upper respiratory tract, their work is noticeably and fairly quickly, which contributes to the ingress of toxins into the systemic bloodstream.

Ordinary and swine flu are characterized by chills, fever, body aches, discomfort when rotating the optic organs and pain in the head. A little later, cough, runny nose and tearing are added to these symptoms.

Respiratory infection

It is not a secret for anyone that ARVI and ARI are also transmitted through the air. After contact with the patient, the patient may have a runny nose and general malaise. If you do not start treatment on time, then these symptoms are associated with fever, sore throat, loss of appetite and so on.

Respiratory infection is the most common disease that occurs when the seasons change. Therefore, after contact with an infected person, it is necessary to conduct all preventive measures in order to prevent the development of the virus.

Diphtheria

This is a rather dangerous disease, which is transmitted by airborne droplets. Very few people know, but even after full recovery of the patient the risk of infection of surrounding people still remains for some time very high.

Such a disease causes intoxication. It is characterized by inflammatory processes that develop in the visual organs, throat, trachea, larynx and nose.

Diphtheria can be infected not only through the air, but also after using the patient's items, on which his secret remained.

Infection of meningococcal

How should the infection be treated by airborne transmission? About this you can only tell an experienced specialist.

The disease under consideration is quite dangerous. It causes purulent damage to the membranes of the brain. With such a disease, a person develops vomiting and lethargy, suddenly the temperature rises, and during the first days a rash is formed.

Whooping cough

Is this transmitted by airborne droplets? Of course. This disease is characterized by a spasmodic and quite intense cough. Pathology develops very long. It begins with a common cold, as well as a slight increase in body temperature. Soon, these symptoms are joined by a cough that becomes intense and proceeds paroxysmally.

If pertussis is accompanied by severe suffocation, then the treatment should be carried out only in the hospital.

Measles

This disease begins with coughing and sneezing, as well as a slight increase in body temperature. After that, photophobia, conjunctivitis and some puffiness of the face join the main symptoms of the disease. On the fourth day on the body of the patient pink spots develop, which last about three days. All of these symptoms persist until the patient is fully recovered.

Scarlet fever

This disease is characterized by a sharp rise in body temperature up to 40 degrees. Also, the patient has hyperemia of the cheeks, vomiting and pain in the head. After this, a rash is added to the listed signs, which is localized on the skin in the bent parts of the body.

Parotitis

How does the infection occur? By airborne droplet, this disease is transmitted by contact with the carrier. The disease is characterized by the defeat of the central nervous system and salivary glands. At first the patient feels a sharp deterioration in the general condition, and then loses his appetite and feels pain in the head region. After that, his temperature rises, and painful sensations arise near the neck and ears. At the same time, these regions strongly swell.

Rubella

This disease affects the lymphatic system and the skin of a person. It is not accompanied by catarrhal phenomena, but causes a brief rise in body temperature. With this disease, the patient may have occipital and posterior lymph nodes (with a pea). As a rule, when probed, they cause discomfort and soreness. A few days later, an infected person develops a rash that begins with the face and neck, and then spreads throughout the body. Very often such rashes are formed in the places of folding of the limbs, on the back and buttocks. As a rule, the rash with rubella lasts for three days, after which it disappears without the appearance of pigmentation.

Polio

This is a viral disease affecting the central nervous system and motor nuclei of the spinal cord. It provokes paralysis of the upper or lower extremities.

As you know, this disease is divided into two types:

• Poliomyelitis is not paralytic. It is characterized by signs of acute respiratory illness or influenza.
• Poliomyelitis is paralytic. This type of disease is much less common. It leads to disrupted work of the musculoskeletal system and disability. It should also be noted that paralytic poliomyelitis is the most dangerous form of the disease transmitted by airborne droplets.

Smallpox chickenpox

The source of infection of this disease is only a sick person. The susceptibility of the child to smallpox is very high. Therefore, when an outbreak occurs in the kindergarten, almost all children fall ill.

Symptoms of chicken pox is a small-spot rash that spreads very quickly all over the body. A week after the appearance of the rash, it begins to dry out and peel off (there are no traces on the body).

Preventive actions

Now you know the diseases transmitted by airborne droplets. The main preventive measures that prevent infection are:

• Various and full-value meals;
• Correct organization of the day (labor and rest);
• Hardening;
• Regular airing of the room.

It should also be said that the prevention of airborne infections is not only in avoiding places with a lot of people (including during the epidemic) and isolating the patient, but also in overall recovery of the body and support of immunity. For example, in case of lack of sleep and improper planning of the regime of work and rest, a person quickly weakens immune forces, which ultimately leads to an increased risk of infection.

It should also be noted that a proper and balanced diet allows you to get all the necessary minerals and vitamins that make the body healthy and do not allow the infection or the virus to develop. By the way, useful substances can be obtained not only from food, but also using multivitamin complexes purchased in a pharmacy.

How to treat?

Treatment of infections transmitted by airborne droplets is accompanied by bed rest and complete rest. If the patient has a fever, then he is recommended to take an antipyretic. When coughing the patient prescribed antitussive drugs, and with the rash - skin gels and ointments.