Creativity and biography of Kabalevsky

One of the brightest composers of the Soviet period - Dmitry Kabalevsky. The biography of this important person for the cultural heritage of our country is presented in detail in this article.

Briefly about D.B. Kabalevsky

Dmitry Borisovich wrote seven instrumental concerts, five operas, four symphonies, many vocal and chamber works, as well as music for the theater and cinema. Composer, pianist, professor, conductor, doctor of art history, teacher - all this Dmitry Kabalevsky. A brief biography of him, perhaps, should begin with the following facts:

• Date of birth - December 30, 1904;
• Place of birth - St. Petersburg.

The most basic facts from the life of an exceptionally talented person are connected with Moscow. Biography of Kabalevsky, a photo of the composer and interesting facts about him are presented in this article.

Childhood and youth

As already mentioned above, the composer was born in St. Petersburg, there he also began to study at the city's three-year school at the 1st classical gymnasium (in our time such schools replace primary schools of general education). Further biography of Kabalevsky DB Is already connected with Moscow. Together with his parents, the future composer moved to live in the capital. There he continued his education and graduated from school number 35. The year of release - 1922. Music Dmitry Borisovich studied at the music school No. 3. Then he graduated from the musical school named after A.N. Scriabin. D. Kabalevsky received his higher education at the Moscow State Conservatory named after Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. His teachers were A.B. Goldenweiser on piano and N.Ya. Myaskovsky - on the composition.

Professional activity

In 1930 the composer Kabalevsky graduated from the conservatory. His biography, which tells about the period of life after receiving education, gives an idea of how talented and versatile was the personality of Dmitry Borisovich. He was the conductor, the accompanist, he performed with his works. Two years after the end of the conservatory, the composer was already a teacher in his alma mater. And in 1939 he already became a professor. But even before that, he already had experience in pedagogical activity, since he combined higher education with teaching in the musical technical school named after ANN. Scriabin, who also graduated. Most of his life, the composer occupied leading positions in the Union of Composers and the Ministry of Culture of our country. For 21 years he was a deputy. He represented the Soviet Union in international cultural organizations. D.B. Kabalevsky was a member of the World Council and vice-president of the working choral society in England, he was an honorary professor at the Conservatory in the city of Mexico, and was in charge of the music sector of the Institute of the History of Art of the Soviet Union. He presided over the commission on musical and aesthetic education, took an active part in the creation of the musical school № 65 in the city of Magnitogorsk. Also, Kabalevsky was the organizer and head of the Laboratory of Music Education and was the chief editor of several Soviet magazines, one of which he himself founded.

Composer's works

Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky, whose biography and work are studied in all primary, secondary and higher musical educational institutions of our country, wrote music mainly on patriotic themes. He gave the world 5 operas: "On Fire", "Cola Bryunon", "Nikita Vershinin", "Taras Family", "Sisters"; Ballet "Golden ears"; The operetta "Spring sings"; Cantata "Song of the morning, spring and the world", as well as "Requiem" on the poems of Robert Rozhdestvensky, dedicated to those killed in the fight against fascism; Symphonic dedication "To the Memory of Heroes of Gorlovka"; Musical sketches for William Shakespeare's tragedy "Romeo and Juliet". D. Kabalevsky is also the author of a large number of works for the symphony orchestra, including concerts, 4 symphonies, pathetic overture, plays for piano, as well as for cello and violin. He wrote symphonic poems "To the Eternal Fire in Bryansk," "Spring"; Cantatas "Leninists", "Great Homeland", "Song of the morning, spring and the world", "About native land"; Suites "People's Avengers", "Comedians", music for the play "Inventor and Comedian", as well as 10 sonnets by W. Shakespeare, a cycle of romances for verses by Rasul Gamzatov, songs for children. AT

During the war years he wrote many war songs: "Through the harsh seas", "Our enemy attacked our native land", "The son of a hero", "Four friendly guys", "Klitschet Hitler Ribbentrop", "New school year" and others. D. Kabalevsky is the author of music for plays and films "Petersburg Night", "Dawns of Paris", "Mussorgsky", "Shchors", "Vortices hostile", "Eighteenth year", "Romeo and Juliet", "Devil's Bridge", " Volnitsa "," Dombi and Son "," Academician Ivan Pavlov "," Merry Sailor "," Death of the squadron "," Sisters "," Glory "," First-grader "," Jokers "," Slander School "," Mstislav Udaloi " and many others.

Music of D.B. Kabalevsky is distinguished by good taste, professionalism, national color, in his works the composer turns mainly to traditional means of expressiveness for the XIX century.

Awards and titles

D.B. Kabalevsky, whose biography is significant for our country, was awarded a large number of awards. In 1954 he received the title of People's Artist of the RSFSR, and in 1963 - the USSR. He was awarded four times the Order of Lenin (in 1964, 1971, 1974 and 1984). Deserved the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1966. In 1972 he won the Lenin Prize for his works, several prizes for the best music for films. In 1946, 1949 and 1951 he was awarded the Stalin Prize for his works. He was the Hero of Labor. For merits in the upbringing of children was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize in 1984.

D. Kabalevsky for children

A major contribution to the musical education of the younger generation was made by Dmitry Kabalevsky. The biography for children acquainted with his works, as well as for adults is really important and interesting, because her facts help to better know the personality of the famous composer. D.B. Kabalevsky believed in a bright future: the fact that the children forgot how to cry and only laugh loudly. He composed many plays for children. Most of them are performed by students of music schools all over the world to this day. He wrote a lot for children of songs. They are all about friendship, about pioneers, about school, about kindness, about mutual assistance, about the Motherland. We all know such songs as "School years" on the words of E. Dolmatovsky, "Our land" on the words of A. Prishelts. They have already become classics. The song cycle was created by the composer about the camp "Artek", which is in the Crimea. Dmitry Borisovich wrote many books on music for children: "Beautiful awakens good", "About three whales and much more. The book about music "," Education of mind and heart. Book for Teachers, How to Tell Children about Music? And many others. They are still relevant. In 1973, the composer conducted music lessons with first-graders in the Moscow general education school at number 209, although at that time he was already a professor at the conservatory. Dmitry Borisovich headed the contest of young talents in the Volga region, supported the creation of a choral studio in the city of Zheleznodorozhny, actively participated in the holding of arts festivals in the pioneer camp "Eaglet".

The second half of life

Biography of Kabalevsky DB, depicting his mature and advanced years, will also be covered in our article. The most important child of the composer at that time was the Laboratory of Music Education, which he created and headed. Kabalevsky compiled an educational program to study music in schools. Teachers-musicians for 7 years were engaged in its verification. Gradually it proved its effectiveness and became popular. In the last year of the composer's life, according to his program, children were taught music in thousands of schools of the Soviet Union. And to this day it is used in our country. The composer gave lectures on art and music in the Tretyakov Gallery. Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky died on February 14, 1987. He was buried in Moscow, at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Parents of the genius

Biography Kabalevsky DB is inseparable from the story of his parents. The mother of the composer is Nadezhda Novitskaya. She graduated from the women's gymnasium in Tsarskoye Selo (now the city of Pushkin) and received a diploma of a home teacher. Such education helped her in the upbringing of her own children. The composer's father, Boris Klavdievich, was a mathematician and founded the Soviet system of insurance. Grandfather - Claudius Egorovich - military engineer, the first head of the cartridge factory in Lugansk, for his services he received the nobility. In the Kabalevsky family, music always sounded. She accompanied the future composer from birth. Dmitry Borisovich's father sang folk songs and played the guitar. Mother was fascinated by the theater and played the piano. V. I. Belsky - librettist of the great composer N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov, was a colleague of the father of D. Kabalevsky and was a frequent visitor in their house.

Wives

D. Kabalevsky was married twice. Biography of the first wife - Edvarda Iosifovna Blunman, whose marriage lasted not for long, is also connected with art. She was born in 1911, and died several years later D. Kabalevsky. At Edward Iosifovna he married at a very young age. The first wife of the composer graduated from the Institute of Foreign Languages and was an English teacher. She also translated fiction. In total there are about forty such her works. The most famous example is "Dandelion Wine" by Ray Bradbury. Second spouse D.B. Kabalevsky, with whom he lived the rest of his life - Larisa Pavlovna Chegodaeva. She was not just a wife to the composer, but his assistant and the most loyal friend.

Children

Composer Dmitry Kabalevsky, whose biography is presented in this article, was the father of two children. He had a son from his first marriage - Yuri Dmitrievich. And in marriage with his second wife he had a daughter, Maria. She became director of the Musical Cultural and Educational Center named after Dmitry Borisovich Kabalevsky.

Interesting facts about the life of the composer

Biography Kabalevsky DB would be incomplete, if there was no story about what was fond of this brilliant composer and teacher. The most important hobby for him, of course, was music. Besides him, he was very fond of playing chess, and also collected postage stamps. There was also such a period in his life when he was a member of the editorial board of the journal Philately of the USSR. Among the friends of Dmitry Borisovich there were many prominent artists, including great composers Aram Khachaturian and Dmitry Shostakovich. Noteworthy is the fact that seriously engaged in music DB Kabalevsky began only in 15 years. But despite this, he very quickly achieved success - the technical school and the conservatory graduated excellent.