Category of power supply of the facility. Description of the three power supply categories

A modern resident of a developed metropolis does not represent his life without all kinds of devices and mechanisms. But most of them function at the expense of electricity consumption. Therefore, sometimes it seems that it is impossible to imagine a normal life without it. At present, the networks of electrical systems tightly entangle almost all the inhabited corners of the globe. Their construction in the simplest representation consists of many sources, as well as points of transformation, distribution and transmission of energy of the type under consideration. However, some consumers need constant and uninterrupted supply, while individual devices can be for some time without being connected to the main supply network. So which group should you include this or that mechanism? It is this question that will be considered in the material presented below.

Categories of reliability of power supply to consumers

As mentioned earlier, different devices have different requirements for power conditions from the electrical network system. Currently, a classification is used that includes three main groups, each of which is called the "power supply category". It should be noted that this separation is applicable to individual electrical receivers. However, in most cases it is necessary to talk about their totality. They can include both devices belonging to the first category, and the mechanisms that are attributed to the third. In such situations, it is necessary to pay attention to the number of electric receivers that prevail over the others. In this regard, it was decided to relate the previously described groups primarily to one of the categories of supply for reliability. Let's consider each of them in more detail.

Main feature

After considering this classification, you should understand what it is based on. The most important criterion for the separation into the groups described above was the need for uninterrupted power supply from the electrical network. For example, you can not compare the importance of an ordinary private house in the village and any health care institution, such as a hospital. Agree that even the slightest break in the power supply of the operating chambers will lead to harm to the health and life of a person who is at the time in the hands of doctors. Conversely, residents of an apartment house can without any special losses be without electricity.

1 group

Among the consumers of the first power supply category, reliability includes those devices and mechanisms whose supply interruption is likely to endanger the life and health of people, a threat to the normal existence of the state and its security, including significant material damage. In addition, it also includes the violation of complex technological processes, the disastrous change in the functioning of strategically important components of television and communications, as well as utilities. The first category of power supply, as mentioned earlier, includes a fairly responsible receiver of electrical energy, so there are a number of requirements for them.

One of these can be considered power supply from two unconnected sources. Independence is the most important criterion. The use of such circuits is due to a significant reduction in the risk of emergency disconnection of receivers from the mains. The considered category of power supply allows interruptions in the supply of energy only for a time that is necessary and sufficient for automatic switching from one source to another.

The first special category of electricity supply

Separately, we should single out a group of devices that are characterized by the fact that they require an absolutely uninterrupted supply of power from the network. Such a category of power supply includes energy receivers that perform continuous work in order to safely stop the production flow, to prevent the possibility of a fire and other emergencies. An important condition for the effective operation of such electrical mechanisms is to use a third source of independent power. For example, it can be a diesel generator or batteries. In this case, if it becomes impossible to supply energy from two main food points, a third one will immediately join the work. Nevertheless, situations are possible where it is not possible to use the above-mentioned additional source. In this case, the so-called technological reserve is allowed, which also contributes to the most smooth and quick stopping of production activities.

2 group

The second category of electricity supply to consumers is characterized by some indulgences in the requirements for power supply from the network. It includes such receivers and devices, the interruption in the work of which can cause a significant reduction in the output of manufactured products, downtime of production equipment and machinery involved in a particular technological process. In addition, the considered category of power supply, disconnected for a certain period of time, may lead to a violation of normal living conditions of a significant number of residents of the state. Requirements for power supply are similar to the criteria for the first group, but there are some differences. The second category of power supply needs energy from two places, but temporary power shortage is sufficient, sufficient to switch from one source to another through a mobile network team or the operational staff of the consumer himself.

3 group

This group is the most extensive. 3 category of power supply includes all those devices that did not fall into the groups listed above. Nevertheless, she makes some demands. For example, the period of a break in electricity supply is allowed not more than 72 hours in total during the year and not more than 24 consecutive hours.

Application in practice

It should be noted that the category of power supply of the facility can be changed when such necessity arises. Of course, everything depends on his appointment. If any production site is considered, then most likely it will be assigned to the first or second reliability group. Conversely, the category of power supply for residential buildings will most often be the third.

Conclusion

The normal life activity of any modern person is not easy to imagine without electrical energy. A reliable supply of such resources has become necessary for the effective operation of factories and industrial enterprises, educational and health institutions, components of the housing and communal sector and elements of agriculture.