Biography of Nekrasov: the life and work of the great people's poet

Nekrasov Nikolai Alekseevich, whose biography begins on November 28 (December 10), 1821, was born in a small town of Nemyriv, located on the territory of Vinnytsia Uyezd Podolsky province (now - the territory of Ukraine).

Childhood of the poet

The family of Nekrasovs after the birth of his son lived in the village of Greshnev, which at that time belonged to the Yaroslavl province. There were a lot of children-thirteen (though only three of them remained alive), and therefore it was very difficult to keep them. Alexei Sergeevich, the head of the family, was forced to take another job of the police chief. This work was difficult to call fun and interesting. Little Nicholas Nekrasov the elder often took with him to the service, but because the future poet from the earliest years saw the problems that ordinary people faced, and learned to sympathize with them.

At the age of 10 Nikolai was sent to the Yaroslavl gymnasium. But at the end of the 5th grade he abruptly stopped training. Why? The opinions of biographers in this issue diverge. Some believe that the boy was not too diligent in his studies, and his success in this field left much to be desired, while others hold the view that his father simply stopped paying for tuition. And perhaps both of these reasons have taken place. One way or another, but further Nekrasov's biography continues in St. Petersburg, where a sixteen-year-old boy is sent to enter the military school (noble regiment).

Difficult years

The poet had every opportunity to become an honest servant, but fate would be pleased to dispose of it differently. Arriving in the cultural capital of the empire - St. Petersburg, - Nekrasov gets acquainted and communicates with the local students. They awakened in him a strong thirst for knowledge, and therefore the future poet decides to go against his father's will. Nikolay begins to prepare for entering the university. He is failing: he could not pass all the exams. However, this did not stop him: from 1839 to 1841. The poet goes to the philological faculty as an auditor. In those days Nekrasov lived in terrible poverty, because his father did not give him a single penny. The poet often had to starve, even reached the point where he slept in shelters for the homeless. But there were bright moments too: for example, just in one of these places Nikolai earned his first money (15 copecks) for help in writing the petition. The difficult material situation did not break the spirit of the young man and he swore himself, despite any obstacles, to obtain recognition.

Literary activity of Nekrasov

Nekrasov's biography is impossible without mentioning the stages of his becoming a poet, a writer.

Soon after the events described above, Nicholas's life went smoothly. He got a job as a tutor, he was often instructed to compose fairy tales and alphabets for popular publishers. A good addition was the writing of small articles in the Literary Gazette, as well as "Literary addition to the Russian Invalid." Several vaudevilles written and published under the pseudonym "Perepelsky" were even put on the Alexandrian stage. Postponing a little money, in 1840 Nekrasov published his first collection of poems, which was called "Dreams and Sounds."

Nekrasov's biography was not without a fight with critics. Despite the fact that they treated him ambiguously, Nicholas himself was extremely upset by the negative response of the authoritative Belinsky. It even went so far that Nekrasov himself bought up most of the print run and destroyed the books. However, the few remaining copies allowed Nekrasov to be seen in the completely unusual role of the ballad writer. Later, he moved on to other genres and themes.

Forty years of the 19th century, Nekrasov conducted, working closely with the journal Otechestvennye zapiski. Nicholas himself was a bibliographer. A turning point in his life can be considered a close acquaintance and the beginning of friendship with Belinsky. After a very short time, the poems of Nikolai Nekrasov begin to be actively published. In a rather short time, the almanacs "April 1", "St. Petersburg Physiology", "Petersburg Collection" appeared in which poetry of the young poet coexisted with the creations of the best authors of that period. Among them, among all others, were works by F. Dostoyevsky, A. Herzen, D. Grigorovich, I. Turgenev.

Publishing business was excellent. This allowed Nekrasov and his friends in the end of 1846 to acquire the journal Sovremennik. In addition to the poet himself, this magazine takes many talented writers. And Belinsky makes Nekrasov an extraordinarily generous gift - he gives the magazine a huge amount of material that the critic has collected for a long time for his own publication. During the period of the reaction, the content of Sovremennik was controlled by the tsarist authorities, and under the influence of censorship, most of the works of the adventure genre begin to be printed in it. But, nevertheless, the magazine does not lose its popularity.

Further Nekrasov's biography takes us to sunny Italy, where the poet in the 50's leaves to be treated for a sore throat. After correcting his health, he returns to his homeland. Here life "beats the key" - Nicholas is in the forefront of literary flows, communicating with people of high morality. At this time, the best and hitherto unknown aspects of the poet's talent are revealed. Dobroliubov and Chernyshevsky are his faithful assistants and colleagues in the work on the journal.

Despite the fact that in 1866 the Sovremennik was closed, Nekrasov did not drop his hands. At his recent "competitor" the writer rents "Otechestvennye zapiski", which quickly rise to the same height as in his time "Contemporary".

Working with the two best magazines of his time, Nekrasov wrote and published a lot of his works. Among them - poems ("Who in Russia live well", "Peasant children", "Frost, red nose", "Sasha", "Russian women"), poems ("Railroad", "Knight for an hour," "The Prophet ") And many others." Nekrasov stayed at the zenith of his glory.

last years of life

At the beginning of 1875 the poet was diagnosed with a terrible diagnosis - "intestinal cancer". His life became a total misery, and only the support of devoted readers helped to somehow hold on. Telegrams and letters came to Nicholas even from the most remote corners of Russia. This support meant a lot to the poet: struggling with pain, he continued to create. At the end of his life, he wrote a satirical poem called "Contemporaries," a sincere and poignant cycle of poems "The Last Songs."

The talented poet and activist of the literary world has prostrated himself with this world on December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878) in St. Petersburg, at the age of only 56 years.

Despite the severe frost, say goodbye to the poet and take him to the place of last rest (Novodevichye cemetery of St. Petersburg) came thousands of people.

Love in the life of a poet

NA Nekrasov, whose biography is a real charge of manpower and energy, met three women in his life. His first love was Avdotya Panayeva. They were not officially married, but lived together for fifteen years. After a while Nekrasov fell in love with the charming Frenchwoman - Selina Lefren. However, this novel for the poet was unsuccessful: Selina threw him, and before that he squandered a fair amount of his fortune. And, finally, six months before his death, Nekrasov married a tenderly loved him and took care of him until the last day of Fyokla Viktorova.