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Bagritsky Edward. Biography, creativity, family

Bagritsky Edward Georgievich is a Russian poet, playwright, translator. His life and work will be discussed in this article. The real name of Eduard Bagritsky is Dzyubin, according to other sources - Dzyuban.

early years

The poet was born in Odessa on October 22, 1895, in a Jewish family. Father, Godel Moshkovich, worked as a clerk in the ready-made shop, and his mother, Ita Abramovna, was a housewife.

Edward in 1905-1910 years. He studied at St. Paul's College in Odessa, in 1910-1912. - in a real school Zhukovsky, located on Kherson Street, and in 1913-1915. - in the surveying school. As a designer, he took part in the publication of a handwritten magazine called "The Days of Our Life." In 1914 he was editor in the department of PTA (Petersburg Telegraph Agency) in Odessa.

The First Poems

Poet Eduard Bagritsky began to write poetry early. Already in 1913-1914. In the almanac "Chords" were printed his first creations. The author signed as Edward D., and from 1915 began using the pseudonyms of Desi, Eduard Bagritsky and Nina Voskresenskaya. At that time in Odessa literary almanacs "Silver Pipes" and "Auto in the Clouds" his neo-romantic poems began to be published, in which imitation of V. Mayakovsky, L. Stephenson, N. Gumilev was noted.

Soon Bagritsky Eduard became a notable figure in the group of young writers of Odessa. He liked to recite his works before the youth public.

1917-1923

In the spring and summer of 1917, Bagritsky worked in the militia, and in the fall he settled himself as a clerk in the medical and writing detachment of the All-Russian Union of Assistance to the Wounded and Sick. He took part in the Persian expedition of Baratov and returned to Odessa only in February 1918. During the civil war, in April 1919, Bagritsky Eduard joined a volunteer in the Red Army, served in the partisan detachment of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and when he was re-formed, took the post of instructor of the political department in the infantry brigade. Throughout this period he wrote propaganda poems.

In the summer of 1919, Eduard returned to Odessa, began to work at the BUP (Bureau of the Ukrainian Press). Since May 1920, as an artist and poet, he worked in YugROSTA (Southern Bureau of the Ukrainian Branch of the Russian Telegraph Agency). Bagritsky was the author of numerous leaflets, posters, as well as signatures to them. His works were published in Odessa humorous magazines and newspapers under the pseudonyms Nina Voskresenskaya, Someone Vasya, Rabkor Gorcev.

At the initiative of Ya. M. Belsky's friend in August 1923, Bagritsky Eduard came to Nikolaev and began to work in the editorial office of the newspaper "Krasny Nikolaev" as a secretary. In this same edition, his poems were published. Bagritsky spoke at the poetry evening organized by the editorial office. In October of the same year, the poet returned to Odessa.

Last years

In 1925 Eduard Bagritsky moved to Moscow from the submission of Kataev to Moscow. His biography was replenished with new achievements. He joined the literary group "Pass", and a year later joined the constructivists. The first collection of poems was published in 1928 and was called "Southwest". In 1932, the second collection of "Winners" appeared.

Since 1930, the poet has exacerbated bronchial asthma - he suffered from childhood. Bagritsky Edward died in Moscow on February 16, 1934. He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

A family

In December 1920, the poet married Lydia Gustavovna Sook. In 1937, she was repressed and returned from imprisonment only in 1956. The couple had a son Vsevolod, also a poet. In 1942 he was killed at the front.

Creation

Until now, the songs sound bright romantic poems of Bagritsky, his books are reprinted. The work of the poet even today is controversial.

For example, a number of contradictory comments received the poem "February", published after the death of Bagritsky. This is a kind of confession of a Jewish youth who participated in the revolution. Publicists, anti-Semitic, repeatedly noted that the hero of "February", who rapes a prostitute who was his gymnasium love, in her person commits violence against all of Russia and thereby avenges the disgrace of "homeless ancestors". However, the red-haired beauty does not look Russian, but the gang arrested by the hero is at least two-thirds of the Jews.

The most expressive of the freedom of Eduard Bagritsky was expressed in the so-called Flemish cycle of poems, which were dedicated to Till Eulenspiegel. This cycle the poet wrote throughout his life. The writer Isaac Babel, a friend of Edward, spoke of him as a "Flemishman" and wrote that in the bright future all people will consist of "true, clever, merry Odessites similar to Bagritsky."

This brilliant master was gifted with a rare sensory impressionability, his romantic poetry glorified the construction of a new world. At the same time, Bagritsky tried to understand the cruelty of revolutionary ideology for himself. In his poems, the poet invested a veiled protest against the Stalinist punitive regime, which was developing by that time.

Creativity Bagritsky influenced a whole galaxy of poets. In his honor the Moscow street is named.

The most famous works

In 1926, the poet wrote a poem "The Duma of Opanas." It shows the tragic confrontation of the village Ukrainian youth Opanas, who dreams of living in free Ukraine in a quiet peasant life, and the Jewish commissar Joseph Kogan, who upholds the truth of the world revolution. During the ideological campaigns in 1949, the poem was criticized by the Ukrainian Literary Gazette for "bourgeois nationalist tendencies" which, in the opinion of the editorial board, manifested itself in distorting the truth and misrepresenting the Ukrainian people as a bandit and deserter Opanas, who is incapable of fighting for a brighter future.

Famous works of Bagritsky are also "TVS" (the verse is written on behalf of a person dying from tuberculosis, who in a fevered state sees the deceased Feliks Jerzhinsky), "Smugglers" (the work of many bards, including Viktor Berkovsky, Leonid Utesov, is laid to music) , "The Death of the Pioneer" (in the 1962 film "Wild Dog Dingo", the main heroine reads it at the school pre-New Year's performance).

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