Poet Eduard Bagritsky: biography, creativity, photo

Eduard Bagritsky (his real name is Dzyuban (Dzyubin)) is a Russian poet, playwright and translator. He was born in Odessa. His family was Jewish, bourgeois. There were strong religious traditions in it. Edward Bagritsky, whose photo you will find in this article, was trained in 1905-10 in the Odessa School of St. Paul. After that, he continued his education in 1910-12 in the Kherson Street (Odessa) real school. Zhukovsky. As a designer, Eduard participated in the publication of a magazine entitled "The Days of Our Life." Then, in 1913-15, the future poet studied in a land survey school, but by profession he never worked.

Entering the literature

Edward Bagritsky began to publish poetry in 1915. And not under his own name. He immediately took the pseudonym of Bagritsky. In addition, he was known and under a woman's mask, signing his writings "Nina Resurrection." His works were first published in Odessa literary almanacs. Edward soon became one of the most prominent figures among the young writers of Odessa, who later became prominent writers (Yuri Olesha, Valentin Kataev, Ilya Ilf, Semyon Kirsanov, Lev Slavin, Vera Inber).

Entry into the Red Army, work in Odessa

During the Civil War (in 1918) he volunteered for the Red Army. Edward worked in a special partisan detachment to them. VTsIK, in the political department. He created agitation poems. After the war, Edward worked in Odessa. Here he began to cooperate as an artist and poet in Yugrosta together with V. Narbut, Yu. Olesha, V. Kataev, S. Bondarin. Eduard Bagritsky was published in various Odessa newspapers, as well as humorous magazines. He was known under the pseudonyms "Rabkor Gorcev", "Nina Resurrection" and "Someone Vasya".

Moving to Moscow, the appearance of the first collections of poems

Bagritsky in 1925 came to Moscow. He became a member of the "Pass", a well-known literary group. A year later, Edward decided to join the constructivists.

The first collection of his poems was born in 1928 ("Southwest"). "Southwest" was published in 1928. Most of the poems from this collection were written and printed for the first time in Odessa: "Autumn", "Watermelon", "Til Ulenspiegel". This book includes the famous poem by Bagritsky "The Duma about Opanas", as well as the most famous of his poem "Smugglers". The next collection, "The Winners," was published in 1932. At the same time, the book Last Night was published. The poet joined the RAPP in 1930. He lived in Moscow, in the "House of Writers' Cooperative" at 2 Kamergersky Lane.

"The Duma about Opasan"

In his poem "The Duma about Opanas" shows the tragic confrontation of Opanas, a village boy from Ukraine, dreaming of a quiet peasant life in his homeland; And Joseph Kogan, a Jewish commissioner, who defended the "highest" truth and value of the world revolution. It should be noted, however, that after the death of Edward, during the "struggle against cosmopolitanism", this poem was declared "a Zionist work" in an article dated July 30, 1949, published in Literaturnaya Gazeta. "The Duma about Opanas" was also described as slander against the Ukrainian people.

Personal qualities of the poet

Eduard Bagritsky was very erudite. Legend has even gone about this. The poet's phenomenal memory kept many poetic lines. He did not know the limits of his wit, but kindness warmed in 20-30-ies not just one poet. Bagritsky was one of the first to note the talent of young L. Oshanin, J. Smelyakov, Dm. Kedrin, A. Twardowski. Beginning poets literally pounded to him with a request to listen and evaluate their works.

Bagritsky-translator

Edward Bagritsky was not only an excellent poet. He can be called a brilliant interpreter of Walter Scott and Thomas Hood, Nazim Hikmet and Joe Hill, Vladimir Sosyura and Mikola Bazhan, Robert Burns.

Reflection of the attitude towards communism in creativity

Bagritsky is a master who was gifted with rare impressionability. He accepted the revolution. The romantic poetry of Bagritsky praised the building of communism. Edward at the same time painfully tried to justify in his own eyes the cruelty of the ideology of the revolutionaries, as well as the arrival of totalitarianism. In 1929 he wrote a poem "TVS". In it, the desperate and sick author was the late Felix Dzerzhinsky, about the coming century, remarked that if he says "lies", it should be done. And if it is said to kill, then this must be done.

The last years of life, the funeral of Bagritsky

Since the beginning of 1930, the aggravated asthma of Bagritsky. This illness he suffered since childhood. In 1934, on February 16, he died in Moscow, for the fourth time he became ill with pneumonia. The poet was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. A squadron of young cavalrymen walked behind his coffin with sabers naked.

Poem "February"

Poem "February", published after the death of Eduard Bagritsky, still raises a lot of controversy. This, it can be said, is the confession of a Jewish youth who participated in the revolution. Publicists, anti-Semitic, repeatedly wrote that the hero of the poem, who raped a prostitute, who was his gymnasium love, in her person commits violence over the whole of Russia, thus revenge for the disgrace of her "homeless ancestors." However, the usual version of the poem is about a third of it. The work is about a Jewish schoolboy who became a man after going through the First World War and the Revolution. The gang, arrested by the protagonist, also consists of at least two-thirds of the Jews. This is evidenced by the names of its participants - Petya Kambala, Semka Rabinovich and Monya Brilliantchik.

The fate of the spouse and son of Eduard Bagritsky

In 1920, Eduard Bagritsky married. His personal life is limited to one marriage. With Lydia Gustavovna, Suok Edward lived until his death. The widow of the poet was repressed in 1937. From the conclusion she returned only in 1956. Vsevolod, Edward's son, died in 1942 at the front.

These are only basic information about such an interesting poet as Eduard Bagritsky. The biography summarized in this article gives only a general idea of it. The rest will be told by his poems, which we recommend to address.