Adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a malignant tumor from the glandular epithelium, which forms papillary, tubular or acinar structures. Tumor cells sometimes have the appearance of normal gastric or intestinal epithelium. In many cases, a variety is determined in the histological structure of different tumor sites.

Adenocarcinoma of the stomach is included in the largest group of stomach cancer. This includes tumors, which are characterized by the preservation in varying degrees of structural differentiation - the ability to form papillary or ferruginous structures. Low-grade gastric adenocarcinoma has a small amount of these structures, which in some cases are difficult to determine.

Atypia of tumor cells, as a rule, increases in accordance with a decrease in the ability of structural formation. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach in some cases does not produce mucus. There may be an insignificant amount of mucus in the lumen of the glands or in the apical cellular departments. In other cases, adenocarcinoma of the stomach is accompanied by a pronounced mucosal secretion. In such tumors mucus can be outside the cells (in the stroma) and form "lakes" (cavities) with floating cancer cells (disjointed in the form of scraps of glands or groups). This type of secretion, as a rule, is observed with highly differentiated mucus-forming tumors.

Another type of secretion is characterized by the accumulation of cancer cells in the cytoplasm of mucus. At the same time, it displaces their nucleus, and "cricoid" cancer cells are formed. This type of secretion is characteristic of low-grade tumors. In many cases, there is a combination of intracellular and extracellular mucus production.

Adenocarcinoma can be tubular, papillary, mucous. There are also cancer of the ring-cell.

The tubular tumor is characterized by predominantly branched tubular structures surrounded by or surrounded by the fibrotic stroma. Tumor cells have a cubic or cylindrical shape, tend to flatten out due to accumulation in the enlarged lumens of mucus.

Papillary formation is represented by wide or narrow fingerlike outgrowths of the epithelium with a fibrous base. In many cases, the germination of the epithelium occurs in the tubes or luminal glands in the form of papillae. Practically in each case it is possible to determine the complete violation of the basal membrane.

The mucosal tumor is characterized by the preservation in its range of a significant amount of mucus, which, as a rule, can be detected with the naked eye.

Adenocarcinoma of the stomach: treatment

The appointment of therapeutic measures is carried out depending on the stage and location of tumor formation.

Most cases are related to the life of the patient, so to save the surgeons perform a complete removal of the stomach or stomach with the esophagus (if the tumor is located in its upper part). If the formation is located in the lower gastric department, it is possible to preserve the third part of the organ.

In order to improve the effectiveness of surgical intervention and the likelihood of curing a patient, radiotherapy or chemotherapy courses may be additionally prescribed after the intervention. According to the results of clinical studies, radiotherapy (radiotherapy) and chemotherapy courses significantly increase the likelihood of recovery of the patient and reduce the re-occurrence of tumor formation.

The late (third-fourth) stage of stomach cancer can be treated with great difficulty. However, therapeutic measures are possible. In such cases, as a rule, chemotherapy courses are prescribed.