A blood test for biochemistry: how to decipher?

A blood test for biochemistry is one of the most common tests. Based on the laboratory data obtained as a result of the study of venous blood of a human, a physician can comprehensively evaluate the work of the patient's organs and systems. In order for the indicators to be as accurate as possible, the blood sample is taken in the morning on an empty stomach. In clinical cases, blood can be taken at other times of the day, but not earlier than six hours after the last meal.

The reference to the results, which showed a blood test for biochemistry, contains a lot of numbers and designations. For what does each protein answer? What is responsible for each enzyme? Let's try to understand more.

Hemoglobin is a protein of red blood cells. He is responsible for supplying oxygen to the organs. A hemoglobin concentration of 120-150 g / l is considered normal. For women and 130-160 g / l. for men. Deficiency of hemoglobin can indicate anemia. Too high levels of this protein indicate the presence of pulmonary fibrosis or heart disease.

The blood test for biochemistry reflects the work of the kidneys. If the kidneys do not cope with the work, the urea content in the blood sharply increases. In the blood of a healthy person, urea is present in an amount of 2.5-8.3 millimoles per liter. Another indicator, based on which the doctor can make a conclusion about the work of the kidneys, is creatinine. Admissible blood levels of this substance are 45-105 micromilliliters per liter.

Enzymes that affect liver function can also be monitored through a biochemical blood test. AST, or aspartate aminotransferase, is usually found in hepatocytes, and in liver diseases, most of this enzyme accumulates in the blood. Hepatitis, liver cancer, cirrhosis, alcohol damage to the body - this is not the whole list of liver diseases known to modern medicine. Determine what kind of disease struck a man, having on his hands only a blood test for biochemistry, it is impossible; For this, a full examination and consultation of the therapist is necessary.

Another vital indicator is the sugar content in the blood. Disorders of metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism serve as an excuse for checking the endocrine system. Elevated blood sugar levels are observed in people with diabetes mellitus, or it indicates a violation of glucose tolerance. Too low indices are indicative of developing anemia, and may also be caused by excessive physical or psychoemotional loads of the body.

The amount of total protein in the body of an adult is at least 65 grams / liter and not more than 85 grams / liter. Such data should demonstrate a biochemical blood test. Indicators below the norm are considered a symptom of prolonged fasting, general exhaustion of the body, cachexia, and high figures signal the need to check the liver. The blood protein participates in immune reactions, and therefore in inflammatory and infectious diseases its level slightly increases.

The amount of amylase in the serum of a healthy person does not exceed 50 units per liter. If the biochemical blood test shows a higher figure, the diagnosed person probably has renal insufficiency or inflammation of the pancreas. Amylase is of two types: diastase, formed in the salivary glands and pancreas, and pancreatic amylase, synthesized only in the pancreas. These species of one enzyme are isomers of each other and perform similar functions.

To submit a blood test for biochemistry for prevention should be at least once a year. The faster the disease is detected, the easier it will be to fight it.