Year of the United States as a state. War of Independence of the American colonies and the formation of the United States. The Constitution of 1787

America seems to contemporaries an integral and unified state with a developed economy and equal rights for all strata of the population. It is hard to imagine that this independent country was once only a colony of a huge British Empire, and the year of the formation of the United States as a state is not a date that is far from today's for many centuries. After all, the United States is considered one of the youngest states in the world, which can be associated with a teenager who is just beginning his life.

America - the greatest discovery in the history of mankind

Although America was discovered by the Vikings long before the landing of the Spaniards on these coasts, the entire educated world considers the date of the discovery of America to be in 1492. Christopher Columbus, landed in the Bahamas, initiated the colonization of the continent by the Spanish. After fifty years on the American coast, there were several very fortified Spanish settlements, which were firmly established on these lands.

The British came to America only in 1607, founded Jamestown. It is worth noting that the settlement grew very rapidly, new colonists from Britain constantly arrived and successfully settled in a new place. America attracted immigrants with vast expanses, natural riches and great prospects. Many moved with their families, independently paying for their trip on the ship. But there were other categories of settlers who were sent on their way with the blessing of the British crown. England was trying hard to gain a foothold on the American coasts, the government of the country saw in these free lands the basis for Britain's rapid economic growth.

The birth of the Mayflower Agreement

If we consider the formation of the United States briefly, then we can say with confidence that 1620 became a landmark in the history of the country. It was at this time that the ship "Mayflower" arrived to the shores of America, bringing with it the families of the Puritans fleeing persecution of the British authorities. Here they founded their Plymouth colony, hoping to build a free society. Paradoxically, but the Puritans, who themselves miraculously escaped the flight, brutally suppressed any dissent in their ranks. They clearly adhered to their religious dogmas and expelled from the community anyone who could express their opinion. Nevertheless, the Puritans managed to establish contact with practically all the English colonies, having concluded the Mayflower Agreement with them. In it, the colonists included items on freedom, democracy and the separation of church and state. It is believed that many paragraphs of this agreement later became the basis for the US Constitution.

The development of English colonies on American soil

To understand when the United States emerged as a state, it is necessary to trace the development of colonies, which grew rapidly on the American coast. In the seventy-five years since the first landing of the British, there have already appeared thirteen colonies in America, which numbered tens of thousands.

People moved to the New World in a thousand, each new ship brought migrants who hoped to find their happiness in America. Some of them succeeded, word-of-mouth stories were about ordinary people who earned a fortune through persistent and honest work. This idea became the basis of American culture, so far every American considers himself lucky, who can achieve the highest social status in this country.

American industry developed at a rapid pace, which was not very satisfactory to the British authorities. By the end of the eighteenth century, the colonies could fully provide themselves with raw materials and consumer goods, shipyards allowed the colonists to trade with India. All this strengthened the position of the settlers, but in parallel caused dissatisfaction with the English parliament. Britain completely limited the independence of its colonies:

• Taxes constantly increased;
• Bans were imposed on trade with other countries;
• Export of goods was allowed only on English ships;
• All goods and raw materials were to be imported from Britain;
• To maintain order in the territory of the colonies, English soldiers were permanently stationed.

Every year the British government's dissatisfaction with the colonies increased.

The Beginning of the War of Independence

If you look at the US education briefly, about the main thing, then it's worth mentioning the project of Benjamin Franklin. In 1754, he proposed to the attention of the British Parliament the drafting of colonies with partial independence from Britain. According to this document, at the head of the North American colonies should be the president appointed by the government of England. This document provided for a lot of freedoms and privileges for immigrants, but did not declare the colony absolutely independent. This project was very innovative and could relieve tension in American society, but was immediately rejected by the British Parliament.

Finally showed intentions of the British authorities of unrest in Boston and refusal to consider the resolution of the First Continental Congress, which was the joint work of fifty-five delegates from almost all states. In response, England sent its warships to the shores of America, which led the colonies to unite in the face of a common enemy.

The year of the formation of the United States as a state: the stages of the military campaign of 1775-1783

Learning about the approach of the British military, the Americans decided to enter the war and resolutely defend their rights and freedoms. The war for the independence of the American colonies and the formation of the United States became the most heroic stages in the history of the country, which showed the world that the unity of the people is capable of breaking any situation.

It should be noted that even before the war, the colonies were competently and competently managed by local organizations. They served as the basis for the creation of the army and other branches of state power. In 1776, at the Second Continental Congress, delegates announced the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, which stipulated the basic principles of the young state. During the same period, General Washington received an appointment for the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army. Now the date of July 4, 1776 is celebrated as the US Independence Day, that is, the year of the formation of the US - the new state on the world map.

Until 1777, American troops suffered defeat from the British along the entire front line. This was due to the poor provision of the army and the badly trained soldiers, since ordinary people who had never before held arms in the hands went into the army. Secretly the colonists were supported by the French, who also had their colonies on the American coast. Only after the first major victory of the Continental Army near Saratoy, France concluded an agreement with the Americans on support. As a result, French ships and soldiers began to fall into the army. The war passed its turning point.

In 1781, British troops suffered a crushing defeat from the army of colonists, and Britain had to begin negotiations with the rebels. Another two years in many colonies continued fighting, but the war has already come to its logical conclusion. In 1783, America's independence from the English crown was officially recognized.

Year of the USA: the history of adoption of the Constitution

Americans are very sensitive to all the historical stages of the formation of their state. They honor all the documents without which it would be impossible to form the United States. The Constitution of 1787 is considered the first and most significant document of the young state.

The very history of the adoption of the Constitution is surrounded by a mass of rumors and interesting facts. For example, many Americans still doubt the date for the formation of the United States. According to one source, this is the 1776th year of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence, when it was first announced the creation of a new state on the basis of independence and equality. According to other sources, the year of US formation is identical with the adoption of the Constitution.

It is interesting that this epoch-making document was created without the use of special knowledge. Delegates wrote the Constitution, taking as a basis the various legislative acts adopted in individual colonial settlements. As a result, the shortest constitution in the history of mankind has turned out, and up to now it has practically not undergone any significant changes.

Ratification of the US Constitution

Surprisingly, only the Constitution was initially adopted by only two states, which meant that it could not be considered a legal document, which could be invoked by the country's leadership. Benjamin Franklin, who is actively working on the creation of this document, has consolidated the scheme for the adoption of the Constitution by signing nine states out of thirteen. This provided the young state with unprecedented opportunities at that time, because democracy has become not just empty words, but the basis of the most important document of the country.

Basic provisions of the US Constitution

The creators of the US Constitution introduced all their most revolutionary ideas into it, for the first time the states had such extensive rights, not limited by the pressure of centralized power. Thanks to the joint work of Thomas Jefferson and George Washington, the states gained some independence in solving their internal problems. All power was divided into three branches:

• Legislative;
• Executive;
• Judicial.

This approach allowed to preserve the freedom of the individual and respect the rights of every single citizen of the country.

Amendments to the US Constitution

In the year of the formation of the US Constitution seemed to be an ideally verified document, but after three years it became clear that it needed some additions. Since that time, the Constitution has been amended, but so far their number is the most insignificant in the history of such documents.

At the moment, only twenty-seven amendments have been adopted out of the eleven thousand proposed since 1791. This indicates that once the document was much ahead of its time and is still relevant.

The history of the USA is replete with heroic events, but still its most striking page is the creation of an independent state and the formation of branches of power that have been successfully operating to this day.