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What is a cluster? Where is it applied?

There are a lot of words of foreign origin in our language. Their number has increased dramatically in recent years due to closer communication between people from different countries. Some words have a specific character, so their meaning is clear only to a certain circle of people. For example, not everyone knows what a cluster is, and even this concept has appeared relatively recently in our country.

Translated from English, this word denotes the unification of a group of homogeneous elements in order to create an independent unit. Previously, this concept was used mainly in physics, mathematics and astronomy. For example, the expression "cluster of constellations" denotes the cluster of stars in a particular place. With the advent of computers, a computing cluster has emerged, involving the connection of several computer machines to each other in order to increase the efficiency and speed of operation.

In the 70s of the last century, Michael Porter, after studying the competitiveness of companies in different countries, introduced the concept of a cluster in the economic environment. After his scientific work, explaining the essence of the effectiveness of such associations, many businessmen were interested in what a cluster is. Professor in the study revealed that competition between companies engaged in common business and concentrated in one region is ineffective and unprofitable. The income of entrepreneurs would have increased significantly if they had worked together.

The essence of the cluster is that companies must complement each other, small organizations should focus on larger and more successful partners. In our country, everything comes late, therefore, what is a cluster, our entrepreneurs learned only in the XXI century. But already now many of them try to group and act together. A striking example for our compatriots is the business achievements of foreign colleagues who have experienced all this in their practice.

To find out what a cluster is in its experience is also useful for the state. This form of doing business is the basis of the country's economic development. Here the state and business complement each other and help to solve problems and develop. The cluster assumes healthy and civilized competition. Work in this mode allows the company to secure a competitive future for the next 10 years, or even more.

Recently, a tourist cluster is very popular, it allows the hotel business located in one tourist region to act together and attract customers together. All companies, related to the sale of tourist products and recreational services, can cooperate. Due to the synergistic effect on the tourism market, it is possible to increase the competitiveness of the entire region.

The creation of a cluster will not only increase the profitability of the business of each individual enterprise, but also will have a favorable effect on the formation of the image of the entire region. If a certain territory or country as a whole is popular with holidaymakers, then all cluster participants, including the state, benefit from this.

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