What is utopia and dystopia?

What is Utopia? This term is used (mainly) in a variety of fantastic works. They designate a society that is perfect, perfect. The term was first used in 1516 by politician and humanist Thomas More. The so-called fantastic island, in which all people are equal to each other. A little later, the term "utopia" came into widespread use. He is still relevant.

What is Utopia? You can give only the most general interpretation, because every writer and philosopher himself determines what kind of society can be considered ideal. In such a direction as utopia, three main trends can be distinguished.

First, it is a model of an ideal state, in which the rapid development of science, numerous discoveries and inventions are the driving force . This current can be designated as a technocratic utopia.

Secondly, it is an ideal world, the greatness of which is achieved due to the perfect arrangement of the political apparatus.

Thirdly, it is an evolutionary-sociological utopia, which is the result of the continuous evolution and self-improvement of each individual person.

What can be denoted by this term? What is Utopia? As already mentioned, in the first place - this is the image of the perfect system of society. A utopia can be a certain style of thinking, or a literary genre.

It is worth noting that modern writers and philosophers, in contrast to their predecessors, refer to the idea of an ideal world order with a fair amount of skepticism. Do we need this concept in our society, this unattainable dream? Of course, it is necessary, because the idea of utopia will exist as long as a person sees the shortcomings of the surrounding world, and wants to eliminate them. This is one of the main reasons for progress in all areas of life.

A concept like utopia has its opposite - an anti-utopia. This direction became extremely popular after the First World War. Anti-utopia is a world order that inspires only horror and disgust. Often this genre is a kind of sarcasm in relation to the idea of an ideal life. Here you can trace historical parallels. The genre of anti-utopia became especially relevant when some states tried to realize the dream of an ideal world order. Needless to say, such initiatives have brought only negative consequences, a lot of revolutions and deaths. Often works written in the genre in question indicate that not always good undertakings aimed at changing the lives of all people turn out to be positive results, because each person has his own idea of an ideal world order.

Such areas as utopia and anti-utopia are extremely relevant at the moment. Many people are very concerned about the rapid changes taking place in the world, because it is so difficult to understand where they can lead. Human fantasy, as it were, comes forward, drawing delightful, and sometimes horrible pictures of the device of the world. These directions are quite difficult to call a usual fantasy. Often these are serious philosophical reflections based on modern realities, and make you think about the life and future of mankind.

Now you know what a utopia is. The most famous books written in this genre are the "City of the Sun" Campanella, Micromegas "Voltaire," New Atlantis "Bacon," In 2000 "Bellani and many others. Famous works of art, written in accordance with the direction of the anti-utopia, are Orwell's "1984", Zamiatin's "We", Golding's "The Mechanical Orange", "Jules Verne's Five Hundred Million Begums", Charles Strauss's "Accelerando," etc.