Treatment of atopic dermatitis in children

Atopic dermatitis, or diffuse neurodermatitis - is a pathology of the skin, manifested by severe itching, the appearance of rashes on the skin and lichenification. The disease has a cyclic, seasonal course. It lasts for a long time, with the emergence of exacerbations in cold weather and the process of cooling down in the summer.

For patients with atopic dermatitis, white dermographism is characteristic.
Diffuse neurodermatitis occurs among people of different age groups. Depending on this, it is divided into infant, child and adult forms. For each age-related phase of the disease, there are characteristic sites of the location of the rash.

Causes of the disease

It is known that the disease is a consequence of a changed reaction of the body, the pathology of the constitution and the immune system. Skin manifestations very often combine with rhinitis or other allergic manifestations. The disease may have a hereditary predisposition.

Provoke aggravation may be food products, preservatives and stabilizers, artificial colors, confectionery, medicines, vaccination, harmful substances in the workplace, household dust and much more.

Clinical manifestations of the disease

Basically, the primary manifestations of the disease occur in infancy. Atopic dermatitis in infants develops with the introduction of complementary foods or milk formulas. In all phases of the disease (pediatric and adult), patients suffer from severe itching. In infants, dermatitis is localized to the skin of the face, neck, ear shells, on the head, skin folds.

With the transition of the disease to a child's age, rashes more on the neck, chest, limbs, hands, in the area of folds on the limbs. For the elements of the rash, lichenoid papules and lichenification are characteristic. In adults, rashes are similar. Depending on the prevalence of the process, a limited form of dermatitis, common and universal (erythroderma) is isolated.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis in children

First of all, the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children should be aimed at eliminating the cause of exacerbation. It is very important to identify the source of allergies and minimize contact with it. A child with such a disease should be on a hypoallergenic diet with the exception of exotic foods, citrus fruits, confectionery, orange and red fruits and vegetables, and dairy products. With such a diagnosis, like atopic dermatitis in infants, treatment, above all, includes proper nutrition, consisting of hypoallergenic milk or fermented milk mixtures and gluten-free cereals. Each introduction of a new product, should be gradual, in minimum doses. If they do not react, the dose of the product is increased. Parents need to follow the work of the intestines, regular stool. It is necessary to carry out the prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis.

Medicamental treatment of atopic dermatitis in children implies the use of antihistamines (Suprastin, Fenkarol, Fenistil, etc.) in the age-related norm. These drugs interfere with the development of mediators that support inflammation, reduce edema of the tissues and permeability of the vessels, relieve skin itching. The drugs are used in tablet form, for small children in the form of solutions for ingestion. There are antihistamine ointments.

In addition, prescribe light sedatives that have a soothing effect on the nervous system, multivitamins, sorbents, immunomodulators.

Locally, on the affected areas of the skin, apply lotions, hormonal ointments ("Advantan", "La Cree", "Acriderm", etc.). Children under two years of hormonal ointments do not prescribe or use them as a last resort. To improve the regeneration of tissues, use bepentene.

Good inflammation and improve tissue metabolism physiotherapy (electrophoresis, ultraviolet rays, phototherapy). With severe intoxication, itching, secondary infection, treatment of atopic dermatitis in children is carried out in a hospital. Infusion therapy, detoxification is carried out . If necessary, hemosorption and plasmapheresis are performed to remove immune complexes and toxic substances associated with protein molecules.

Climatotherapy and seawater cause persistent remission with such a diagnosis as atopic dermatitis. Folk remedies in the form of baths with grass herbs, chamomiles relieve inflammation and soothe the skin.