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The principle of Gavrilo and his role in the First World War

In Serbia, this man became a national hero. The principle of Gavrilo left a mark in history as a man who killed the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire of the ex-Duke Ferdinand and his wife Sophia. These deaths were the beginning of the First World War. In the biography of the Principle and today there are many blank spots.

Childhood and youth

The biography of the future national hero of Serbia is little studied today. Thanks to researcher Tim Butcher, the world learned about some facts from the childhood and youth of this Bosnian idealist.

The Principle of Gavrilo was born in the village Oblya on July 25, 1894. The village was inhabited exclusively by Bosnian Serbs. The father of the boy Petar was the bearer of newspapers. He married Maria, a poor girl from a neighboring village, the family settled in Oblja in a one-room cottage. The couple had 9 children, but only three boys survived. Gavrilo was average.

In childhood, the child showed a talent for reading and learning languages. In general, the Principle of Gavrilo was an able and gifted child, he was drawn to knowledge, despite his peasant origin.

In 1907, parents sent their son to study in the capital. Life was boiling in Sarajevo. The village boy stood out among his peers with a sharp mind. It is not surprising that he, along with his friends, at the age of 13, is already plotting to liberate Bosnia from the Austro-Hungarian invaders.

At the end of 1911, Gavrilo's principle went to Serbia, where he later visited periodically. Thanks to his ideas and mind, the young revolutionary managed to rally around himself young Bosnians, who were ready to fight for their rights and liberation from Austria-Hungary.

Organization "Mlada Bosna"

In 1878, the Ottoman Empire at the Berlin Congress formally renounced the Balkan lands. But the long-awaited release did not follow. In its place came Austria-Hungary. The new colonizer began to plunder the rich Serbian lands and oppress the local population. The Habsburg Empire tried to completely eradicate the South Slav identity, masking such actions by the advent of the "enlightened" West. This was expressed in the prohibition of the native language and literature and education in general.

The ideologist of the organization "Mlada Bosna" was a writer and sings Vladimir Gachinovich. The organization was founded in 1912. Has ceased to exist in two years. By and large, the organization consisted of small groups of revolutionary-minded gymnasium students from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The goals of the secret society of each cell were their own. But they all were united by the desire to free themselves from the control of Austria-Hungary and the unification of the South Slavic peoples. Some revolutionaries dreamed of reunification under the aegis of Serbia, others dreamed of an alliance of republics. But they all dreamed of a just enlightened society, of a national identity. In general, everyone had their own goals. Many postulates of the secret organization were devoted solely to education and literature.

Political views of the Principle

The principle of Gavrilo was one of these gymnasium students. Honest, brave, enlightened, but not chauvinist. He dreamed of overthrowing the Austro-Hungarian oppression. Inspired by Gachinovich's speeches and leaflets, he, like his associates, was confident that he had the right to kill for the sake of a good general purpose.

Gavrilo was a radical revolutionary, identified himself with the Bosnian people. He was ready to give his life for his ideals. Together with his friends, he developed a plan for the murder of a prominent Austro-Hungarian person. This act was supposed to stir up the Bosnians and force them to fight. By coincidence, the aim of the terrorists was the heir Ferdinand, who was not the worst representative of his dynasty. The future emperor was a liberal and, before entering into his own rights, he had plans to reform his empire.

The world on the eve of World War I

It can not be said that only the events and the bloody history of 1914 became the main cause of the first world conflict. Europe has long stood on the threshold of war. Many European countries (and Russia in particular) had their territorial claims to the German and Austro-Hungarian empires. Germany also dreamed of world domination and wanted to reshape the world map.

The assassination of Ferdinand in 1914 was just a signal for the outbreak of hostilities.

Sarajevo murder

The plan was developed as soon as information appeared in the press about the arrival of the ex-Duke.

June 28, 1914 Franz Ferdinand, along with his wife Sophie arrived at the review of military exercises. He was invited by General Oscar Potiorek. The royal couple arrived in Sarajevo in the morning by train. At the beginning of the eleventh morning the motorcade moved along the streets of the city. Nedelko Chebrinovich, one of six terrorists, threw a bomb at a time when the cars drove through the police station. By the will of fate the heir to the throne remained alive. Nedelko tried to commit suicide, but this he could not do, an angry mob beat him and handed him over to the authorities.

The terrorist in the meantime decided not to force events and continued to stay on the square. Speaking to the town hall, Ferdinand decided to go visit the wounded because of the attempt. The route of the motorcade was changed, but the driver of the car of the ex-duke was not warned. When Franz Urban, the driver of the royal car, learned about the change in the route, he began to slowly deploy the car. Here they were noticed by Princip. He ran into the car and fired several shots, wounding the ex-duke and his wife. A few hours later they died.

The principle tried to poison the ampoule of cyanide potassium, but this attempt was unsuccessful. They also failed to shoot themselves, a crowd of onlookers beat him and took away his revolver.

All six conspirators were arrested, three of them were sick with tuberculosis. Gavrilo Princip died in prison in April 1918.

The Consequences of the Murder of Ferdinand

Thus, the year 1914 and the events that took place in the summer morning in Sarajevo, served as a pretext for the outbreak of the First World War. A few weeks later, the government of Austria-Hungary presented Serbia with an ultimatum, to which the government of this state agreed. An exception was the point on the involvement of Austrian representatives in the investigation of the assassination attempt. Austria-Hungary accused Serbia of concealing the death of the heir to the throne and declared war on her.

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