The political system of the USA: public authorities

The political system of the United States is determined by their basic Law - the Constitution, adopted back in 1787. The main principles and defining concepts of the system are also indicated in the amendments adopted a little later, or in other laws. The Constitution transfers the powers to exercise state power to the Federal Government of the States. The main law of the country also defines the principle of the separation of the three authorities, according to which the federal government consists of independent bodies: legislative, executive, judicial. They, in turn, operate separately from each other.

The US Constitution consists of several parts:

• Preamble, which details the main objectives of the adoption of the Constitution, their number is 85;
• Articles - 7 pieces;
• Amendments - 27 pieces, the first ten of which is the Bill of Rights.

The political system of the USA: the legislative branch of state power

The supreme legislative body in the United States is the bicameral Parliament, which forms the US Congress, which consists of the US Senate and the US House of Representatives. In the Senate, each of the 50 states has 2 representatives each. The specific number of people that can represent a state is determined every decade, it depends on the size of the population in a particular state. However, even if the number of residents is small, each state has at least one representative in the US Senate. Senators are elected for 6 years, representatives for two years. Each of them can be elected unlimited number of times.

Executive Power of the United States

Executive power in the United States is exercised only by the President, whose powers are very voluminous. The whole state apparatus is in its direct subordination, including ministers, heads of departments. The President manages the entire mechanism of the executive apparatus.

The executive apparatus together with the president form the presidential power in the state. The President forms the administration, the Cabinet of Ministers and executive boards. The Cabinet of Ministers, in turn, is not authorized to adopt governmental acts, it is an advisory body, therefore the President may not follow the advice given to them.

Form of government in the USA

The form of government of the state reflects the way of organization and structure of the supreme power, the principles on which the interaction between its different institutions is based, and the participation of the population in the formation of the power units of the country.

The form of government has several basic properties:

• The way in which the echelons of higher power are formed;
• Structure of government bodies;
• The principles underlying the interaction of the authorities: legislative, executive;
• Interaction between citizens of the state and the authorities;
• Degree of providing freedoms for the population by the authorities.

The political system of the United States is determined by the republican form of government guaranteed by the Constitution of the state (Article IV). The Republican form of government in America is realized in the form of a presidential republic and has the following principles: The president of the republic (in this case the US) is the head of government and state, the government is unaccountable to the Congress, the President does not have the authority to dissolve the chambers of the Congress.

The political system of the United States, the system of state power in the country is built on the principle of separation of powers. This principle in the United States has become a system of balances and checks. The actual relations existing between the three bodies that form the power in the state - the President of the United States, Congress, the Supreme Court - are undergoing constant changes, but the principle of separation remains unshakable.