The norm of the total protein in the blood of a woman. Reasons for abnormality

It is rather difficult to understand all the indicators of analysis to an inexperienced person in medicine. That is why in this article I want to tell you what is the norm of the total protein in the blood of a woman, and what does it mean.

What it is?

At the very beginning, you need to understand the main concepts that will be actively used in this article. So, what is a common blood protein? This is the most important indicator of amino acid metabolism, which characterizes the concentration of all protein molecules in the plasma. If to speak extremely simply, these figures show how well the human body is able to respond in a timely and adequate manner to various unforeseen situations (for example, failures in the work of certain bodies).

Components of total blood protein

It should be said that the total protein in the blood of a woman, however, like that of men, consists of the following components (which are examined during biochemical analysis):

1. Albumins . They are the main constituent of the mass of the total protein of the blood. They take part in the structure and maintenance of the structure of new cells. These are low-molecular proteins.
2. Globulins . Take less than half the volume. Very important for the synthesis of antibodies and other immune proteins. These are large-molecular proteins.
3. Fibrinogen . He takes the minimum (of the above) of the total protein protein. This is a special high-molecular protein, which is responsible for blood clotting.

Norms

What is the norm of the total protein in the woman's blood? It is worth saying at the very beginning that these figures will vary depending on the age of the lady.

1. Girls of the first month of life will have a norm of 48-73 g / l. Indicators of the first year of life of babies will be almost the same.
2. In girls under five years of age, the protein will increase slightly and will be 61-75 g / l.
3. In adolescent girls, these indicators are even higher: 58-76 g / l.

The norm of the total protein in the blood of an adult woman (from 18 years of age) is 65-85 g / l. If we talk about women of the older age group (of retirement age), their rates go down by about 2 g / l.

Men and women: the difference

Is there a difference in the rates of people of different sex? Will the norm of total protein in the blood of a woman and men be the same? It should be said that physicians do not give different indicators. Since the range of the norm is extremely wide, it is possible to use these figures for both sexes. However, there is one "but" here. If we talk only about the fair sex, the indicators they can be on average lower by about 10%. Why is this happening? Why is the norm of total protein in the blood for the ladies somewhat reduced? It's all simple, the blame for all sex hormones, which is produced in women a little more than men.

Pregnancy and protein in the blood

If it is a question of girls, it is necessary to consider the period of bearing of the kid and parameters of the general protein at this time. It should be said that in this period, the figures can be significantly reduced. Normal values are not more than 30% lower than the general norm.

Why can this happen? The reasons are as follows:

1. The amount of protein decreases as a result of the increased volume of plasma circulation, when the fluid in the space of the vessels is retained.
2. Pregnant women have an increased need for plastic material. It is necessary for the synthesis of sex hormones. It is also important for endocrine glands.
3. It should also be said that protein is for the most part spent for the growth and development of the unborn child.

If we consider the total protein, the rates in pregnant women are the same as for the other women: about 63-83 g / l. However, its insignificant decrease will not be considered pathological unless it cuts the line below 50 g / l.

Diagnostics

How can you know about the amount of total protein in the human body? To do this, you need a special diagnostic method. So, an analysis called "biochemistry of blood" will be needed.

The total protein (norm) is one of the indicators, which are investigated in this case (in total there are 11 of them). Simple rules for the delivery of this analysis:

1. Surrender strictly on an empty stomach. Before the test, you can not eat for 8 hours.
2. Before taking the test is not recommended even to drink (maximum - half a cup of water).
3. Blood sampling is made from the vein mainly on the arm above the elbow.

Indicators above the norm

It often happens that the patient's total protein is higher than normal. In this case, we are talking about such a problem, which is called in medicine "hyperproteinemia". In this case, it can be either relative or absolute.

When does relative hyperproteinemia occur? In this case, we are talking about a decrease in water in the vascular bed. The reasons for this may be the following:

1. Severe burns.
2. Continuous profuse diarrhea.
3. Intensified sweating.
4. Chronic nephritis.
5. Intestinal obstruction.
6. Generalized peritonitis, etc.

What will be the total protein of blood serum in this case? The rate will be exceeded by approximately 25-30%.

It is necessary to tell about absolute hyperproteinemia. It occurs, fortunately, extremely rarely. The cause of its occurrence can be the following diseases:

1. Paraproteinemic hemoblastoses. In this case, speech is most often about diseases such as Waldenstrom's disease, myeloma.
2. Chronic polyarthritis.
3. Cirrhosis of the liver.
4. Sarcoidosis.
5. Acute and chronic infections.
6. Disease of Hodgkin et al.

What will be the total protein of blood serum? The norm will be significantly exceeded. The indicators can reach levels of 120-160 g / l.

Reduction of the level of protein in the blood

Sometimes the patient has a lower total protein. In this case, again, it is customary to say that the problem can be both relative and absolute. The medical name of a reduced protein in the body is "hypoproteinemia".

Relative decrease in protein. In this case, the amount of water in the bloodstream rises, and we are talking about the following pathologies and conditions:

1. Anuria, i.e. Stop the separation of urine.
2. Water stress on the body, which often occurs during diets or fasting.
3. Oliguria, i.e. Daily decrease in separated urine.
4. If the kidney function is disturbed, when glucose preparations are administered.
5. If the body secreted the hormone of the hypothalamus, which is responsible for the level of water in the body.

It should be noted that in this case the norm of the total protein in the blood can deviate by about 25-30%. All that is not within this framework, doctors call absolute hypoproteinemia. What exactly can cause this condition in a woman?

1. Prolonged fasting, malnutrition.
2. Inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be, for example, enteritis or enterocolitis.
3. In inflammatory processes in the liver, protein biosynthesis is significantly suppressed . In this case, they talk about hepatitis, liver cirrhosis.
4. A similar condition can occur in women with a congenital disorder of protein synthesis. For example, this is due to Wilson-Konovalov's disease or analblinemia.
5. It is observed in patients whose bodies accelerate protein breakdown. This is possible with various tumors, extensive burns or in the postoperative period.
6. It is also dangerous to increase protein loss, which can occur due to prolonged diarrhea, vomiting, bleeding, as well as diabetes mellitus.
7. Sometimes the protein in the body can move to the so-called "third" space. This is possible due to diseases such as pleurisy or ascites.

It should be said that any deviation of the total protein from the norm is harmful to the human body and serves as a confirmation of a particular diagnosis.