The Doctrine of Allen Dulles, Director of the CIA (1945)

In June 2015, Russian media reported that the decision of the City Court of Asbest in the Sverdlovsk Region, the text of the document known as the Doctrine of Allen Dulles, was recognized as extremist material. Accordingly, a ban was imposed on its use for any purpose. What kind of document is it, a danger to society, and who is Mr. Dulles, who tarnished himself with his creation? Let's try to understand.

Bestseller created by a young politician

Allen Dulles, whose biography became public only after he completed the career of the head of one of the most famous intelligence services in the world, called the CIA, was a descendant of a family whose representatives for many decades occupied prominent posts in the American diplomatic service.

He was born on April 7, 1893 in Watertown, New York. A curious detail, but already at the age of eight, having listened to the political disputes of adults, Allen laid out his point of view on paper, and his notes, published in a separate brochure, became a bestseller. In them, he acted most decisively on the side of those whom he considered "offended."

Scout in the guise of a diplomat

After graduating from Princetown University in 1914, Dulles traveled extensively, visiting India, China and the Far East. Returning to the United States, he apparently, not without the patronage of his relatives, entered the diplomatic service and spent the following years, occupying various posts in Vienna, Berlin, and Constantinople. As US representative, Allen participated in the negotiations connected with the end of the First World War. However, by his own admission, he had to deal with intelligence rather than diplomacy.

In parallel with the public service, Allen Dulles graduated from the Faculty of Law of George Washington University and for some time was a member of an attorney's company, but, apparently, without feeling the vocation for this occupation, he soon left it. Continuing his main activity, during the thirties he took part in a number of major international conferences.

Head of US Intelligence

At the beginning of the Second World War, Dulles enlisted in the newly created Office of Strategic Services, and two years later he holds the post of chief of his intelligence center in Bern. However, the truly crucial moment of his career was the creation after the war of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), subordinated directly to the president and intended both for the performance of his immediate activities and for performing secret operations. It was then, according to many researchers, the notorious "Doctrine of Allen Dulles" was conceived. 1945, therefore, became the date of her birth.

The eight years that led the US intelligence service were the peak of his career, which ended in 1961 after an unsuccessful attempt by the US military to invade Cuba. Despite the fact that, according to experts, the main fault in the failure of the operation lay directly on the US president, Dulles was sent into retirement.

Author of non-existent document

Eight years after leaving the civil service, the former head of the CIA became the author of several books on foreign policy issues, as well as a participant in many television and radio programs. It is generally believed that it was in them that the notorious military doctrine of Allen Dulles was voiced. However, according to the researchers, there is no such document with its signature.

With a more detailed examination of the doctrine attributed to him, connected with possible military actions against the USSR, it becomes evident that this is a memorandum prepared in August 1948 by the US National Security Council. It is he who is often referred to as the Doctrine of Allen Dulles - director of the CIA.

1945, in which the Second World War ended, became, in fact, decisive in the matter of further relations between the US and the Soviet Union. It was during this period that yesterday's allies had to make key decisions in the field of their foreign policy. In this regard, at a meeting of the Congress, a report attributed to Allen Dulles was heard, although, according to the researchers, it had nothing to do with him personally or with the organization he headed.

Articles of the Memorandum 20/1

According to the text of this document, declassified today and known as Memorandum 20/1, the tasks facing the US government were divided into two groups. The first was a list of measures needed in the event of war with the Soviet Union and victory over it. The possibility of self-destruction was not taken into account. The second group considered the tasks to be solved in the event that the course of events does not lead to military confrontation.

The development of events without military intervention

This so-called peace option, however, provided for a whole series of concrete measures aimed at reducing Moscow's military power and international influence. Considering the USSR as a carrier of a threat to peace, the memorandum set out the ways of influencing his government with a view to amending the theory and practice of its international policy.

Let us note incidentally that the overseas politicians considered legitimate actions to be their own actions in the international arena, such as the organization of the overthrow of the Prime Minister of Iran, Mossadegh (1953), the President of Guatemala Arbens (1954), and a number of other leaders that he disliked. Even the failed invasion of Cuba did not cause them any remorse.

Power Action Options

As for the military plot of events, Memorandum 20/1, often presented as the "Allen Dulles Doctrine", did not imply the occupation of the whole country, in view of the extreme vastness of its territory. It also pointed to the impossibility of forcibly planting democracy among its population in the form in which it was adopted in the West.

The reason for this was the absence of the necessary historical traditions. Note that overseas analysts did not take into account the main factor - the absolute impossibility to force anything into the consciousness of our people. Turning to the history of Russia, they could easily be convinced of this.

Historical fake

Now let's take a closer look at the document entitled "The Doctrine of Allen Dulles," the text of which, according to the decision of the Asbestovsky City Court, is fully attributed to the number of extremist materials. Despite the fact that the authorship of this work, which appeared during the Cold War and aimed at the latent moral disintegration of the population of our country, is attributed to the former head of the CIA, this raises certain doubts among modern researchers.

First, the English text of the document, at least in the version in which it gained fame, was not officially represented anywhere, and all supporters of its authenticity refer exclusively to the Russian translation. Secondly, with a detailed study of the Doctrine of Allen Dulles, with some excerpts it is surprisingly reminiscent of the lines from the well-known work by A.S. Ivanova "Eternal Call", in the edition that was published in 1981.

Plagiarism given for political thought

In particular, many researchers draw a parallel between what contains the postwar doctrine of Allen Dulles, and the text invested by Anatoly Ivanov in the mouth of the negative character of his novel "Eternal Call" - a former White Guard, who serves the Germans. In both cases, calls for subordination of the Soviet people sound by its moral decomposition, and the comparison of texts indicates their complete semantic identity.

In addition, the Doctrine of Allen Dulles - director of the CIA, strikingly echoes the statements of the hero of the novel F.M. Dostoevsky "The Possessed" - Peter Verkhovensky. To make sure of this, it is enough to open the work, to stop on his words that for the establishment of power over the people, he and others like him are going to turn him into a "cruel, selfish obscenities".

Ways to achieve this goal, Verkhovensky sees planting among the broad masses of drunkenness, debauchery and denunciation. The main thing is that the substitution of imaginary moral orientations for imaginary and actions aimed at detaching people from their original spiritual roots.

And, finally, similar motifs are heard in Yury Dold-Mikhaylik's novel "The Black Knights", which appeared on the shelves of book stores of our country in 1965. In it, one of the characters, also setting out the ways leading to the moral disintegration of society, among other measures, emphasizes the substitution of true religiosity peculiar to the people, involving it in totalitarian sects. Moreover, in the absence of those, their immediate creation is recommended.

In search of the author of a fake

This entire, let's say, "program of action," to some extent includes the "Allen Dulles Doctrine" we are considering. There is no doubt that its text is, in fact, a plagiarism-compilation of individual excerpts taken by the author (or authors) from various Russian-language literary sources. In this regard, the authorship of the American diplomat and scout becomes even less likely.

Who, in this case, is the originator of the provocative work, entitled "The Doctrine of Allen Dulles"? This question is unlikely to be unambiguously answered. But the goals pursued by the author become quite obvious if we look to the beginning of the nineties, in the context of which this document has become widespread.

Reduction of confrontation, caused by perestroika

Shortly before this, in the late 1980s, the so-called Cold War ended, the period of political confrontation between the countries of the Eastern Camp and the Western, led by the United States. The notorious Iron Curtain is gone, and in the relations between the two sides, not only warming, but also the tendency of the apparent rapprochement of yesterday's opponents was indicated.

Unfortunately, practice has shown that even in the period of perestroika, the relaxation of tensions accompanying these positive processes suited far from everyone. Very soon in both camps revealed her explicit and secret opponents, who used for their struggle all the means available to them.

Transatlantic fake

It is quite possible that people who were trying to set up public opinion of the population of the CIS countries against the American government had drawn up and put into circulation a kind of fake, presented as the "Doctrine of Allen Dulles" (director of the CIA). Despite the fact that her text is a series of excerpts from Russian-language literary works, with which the American official could hardly be familiar, it is possible that the author should still be sought overseas.

Such arguments as the "Allen Dulles Doctrine", the CIA and ideological sabotage are quite a suitable set of "horror stories" for influencing the minds of people who for many years were under the influence of Soviet propaganda, which represented the Western world as a potential enemy. On this stereotype of thinking, overseas opponents of the positive processes unfolding in the early nineties could well have played.

The calculation was not justified insofar as the creators of this fake were counting, and Allen Dulles did not become a symbol of the danger stemming from the Western world. Today, the settlement of relations between America and Russia still represent a wide field of activity for diplomats of both countries, but the reasons for this are quite different.