The cult of Stalin's personality and his exposure

Very soon after Stalin died, in 1953, the notion of "Stalin's cult of personality" appeared. Beria Lavrentiy Pavlovich, as well as Malenkov Georgii Maximilianovich, became the first who started the fight against this phenomenon.

In the Soviet literature of the thirties and fifties of the twentieth century, Stalin's image became one of the central ones. They wrote about the leader of the work as well, and foreign Communist writers, among them - Pablo Neruda, Henri Barbusse. In the USSR, their creations were replicated and translated.

Works that glorified Stalin, appeared in publications of folklore of almost all peoples of the USSR.

In Soviet sculpture and painting in this period also traced the cult of the personality of Stalin.

In the formation of the propagandistic image of this leader, a special role was played by the replicated Soviet posters, which were devoted to a wide variety of subjects.

In the name of Stalin, a very large number of objects were named, including settlements, streets, factories, cultural centers. Most likely, the first of these became Stalingrad. In the Civil War (in 1927) in the defense of Tsaritsyn, Stalin participated.

In many Eastern European states after 1945, cities appeared that were named after him.

Formation of the personality cult of Stalin became one of the fragments of the political regime of the USSR in the thirties.

Fifty years he turned 21 December 1921. Until then, all members of the Politburo were called "party leaders" and listed in alphabetical order. But from that moment the "institute of leaders" was liquidated and Stalin was declared the only "first pupil of Lenin" and "leader of the party".

Stalin was called genius, great, wise. A "leader of the world proletariat" appeared in the country. He was also called outstanding commander and creator of the Red Army, the organizer of October, the great strategist of the five-year plan. Party workers, workers, artists, academics from each other challenged the primacy of praising Stalin. However, Dzhambul, the Kazakh Kazakh poet, surpassed all, in Pravda he wrote that "Stalin is deeper than the ocean, higher than the Himalayas, brighter than the sun. He is the teacher of the universe. "

The cult of Stalin's personality was exposed by Nikita Khrushchev during the Twentieth Congress of the CPSU in 1956, February twenty-fifth. It lasted from the fourteenth to the twenty-fifth of February 1956, with a decisive vote of one thousand three hundred and forty-nine delegates, with an advisory voice of eighty-one representing four hundred and nineteen thousand six hundred and nine candidates for party membership and six million seven hundred ninety-five thousand eight hundred ninety-six members Party.

The exposure of the personality cult of Stalin by Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was set out in a closed report "On the personality cult and its consequences."

In it Khrushchev voiced his point of view on the country's recent past, and also listed numerous facts of the history of the second half of the thirties and the beginning of the fifties, interpreted them as crimes where Stalin was blamed for them. The problem of the military and party figures who were repressed with this ruler was also raised. The report, despite this conditional closure, was distributed to all party corners of the country, and in some enterprises even non-party people were attracted to its discussion. Even in cells VLKSM conducted its discussion. Throughout the world, the report, which exposed the cult of Stalin's personality, attracted much attention, it was translated into many languages and distributed even in non-communist circles. However, it was only in the year 1910 that it was published in the Soviet Union itself in a journal titled "Izvestia TsK KPSS".