The best chess players in the world: three great geniuses

In the last two centuries, the history of chess has given the world a huge number of great names. But among them there are still those who can be called the greatest geniuses. All the greatest chess players are three. This is Garry Kasparov, Bobby Fisher, Paul Morphy.

Garry Kasparov: biography and first successes

Garry Kasparov - the greatest genius of the chess game. As the thirteenth world champion, he left his career at its very heyday. But the best chess players of the world are still imitating the ideal of his game.

Kasparov was born in an educated family in Baku in 1963. His parents, both father and mother, were engineers. Nobody knows at what age Harry's interest in chess first appeared. Only one case is certain: when the boy was five years old, he prompted his father to solve the etude, which was published in the newspaper. Paying attention to the abilities of his child, parents decided to give it to the chess section.

Receiving the title of champion

During the first year of his studies, Harry has already won the first rank in chess. At the same time, Harry is sent as a member of the Azerbaijani national team to Vilnius. There the future best chess player in the world gets to know his future coach, mentor and friend Alexander Nikitin. On the advice of Nikitin, Kasparov begins his studies at Botvinnik's correspondence chess school and very soon becomes an assistant to the chess patriarch.

In 1974, thanks to the efforts of his mother, Harry gets a new surname (his surname was Weinstein at birth), and even nationality. In 1975, Kasparov took the leading position in the Soviet chess championship among young men. In 1980, he was first awarded the title of Grandmaster. In 1984, the great confrontation between the two giants of the chess game begins - Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov. The fight for the championship ended in 1985 with conferring on Kasparov the title of the 13th chess champion.

Paul Morphy: Early Years

The rating of the best chess players in the world always includes the fourth champion - Paul Morphy. He was born in New Orleans, in a fairly well-to-do family. From an early age, his memory surprised many adults. For example, house lawyers were amazed that young Paul knows by heart all the laws of the civil code of the state of Louisiana. His uncle was considered one of the most serious chess players in the city. The child was not taught the rules of the game - he mastered this art on his own. Already at the age of 10, Paul Morphy became one of the best in New Orleans.

Gaining the title of champion

The beginning of the chess career of Paul Morphy was laid at the International Chess Tournament in London. At the age of 20 he became the best chess player in America, defeating all his rivals. Of the one hundred games, he lost only 5 - and of those he won, there were the best chess players in the world. In the history of the chess game, there was not a grandmaster who was similar to Morphy in the style of the game. He was noted for his speed, thoughtfulness and aggressiveness.

The most scandalous chess player in history: Bobby Fisher

The eleventh world chess champion is American Bobby Fisher. He was born in Chicago in 1943. The mother of the future chess player was Jewish, who lived in Switzerland. Father - a German biologist who moved from the Soviet Union to Chile.

Bobby Fisher, in addition to his championship, is known for unusual statements. For example, back in his teens he claimed that the school is an absolutely pointless place and women should not work there because of their stupidity. In general, despite the fact that Fisher and other best chess players in the world are on the same list, this genius is considered one of the most adored, and the most despised.

Unusual abilities, manifested in childhood

Played chess Fischer from six years old. The child was so carried away by the chess game that he stopped talking with children of his age, arguing that among them he can not find a worthy partner for the game. My mother at first decided to turn to a psychiatrist, but he calmed the woman, saying that chess is a good hobby and nothing dangerous in the behavior of the child. Mother began to look for a boy partner for the game through newspaper ads, but no one could find. Later, Bobby Fischer called chess his "second self".

The most famous duel

In 1972, Fischer's most famous tournament was held - with Soviet chess player Boris Spassky. The competition was held in Reykjavik. There Fischer won 21 victories and received the title of champion. However, in the future, Fischer for some reason rejected the offer to compete with Anatoly Karpov, and after that for twenty years led a reclusive way of life.

Strange desires of Bobby Fischer

Repeatedly he spoke about different countries: about Russia, then about Iceland, then about the United States. Fischer was on a short leg with representatives of the most diverse marginal groups - for example, with preachers of various sects, as well as with the Mafiosi. Also, Fischer tried to leave behind a progeny that would have identical with it genes - in order to inherit his gift.

The best chess players in the world. To whom can they lose?

This was the fate of some of the most outstanding chess geniuses. However, this is not a complete list. The 10 best chess players of the world for today are Karlsen Magnus, Vladimir Kramnik, Aronian Levon, Teymur Radzhabov and others. To calculate the strength of a chess player, use the so-called Elo rating system. It was developed by the American scientist Arpad Elo. Until 1989, the first line of this rating was occupied by Bobby Fisher, after - Garry Kasparov.

What about a duel with a computer?

It is interesting that even the best chess players of the world in the whole history can now be beaten by a computer. The first such bout took place in 1996, when Garry Kasparov lost to the supercomputer Deep Blue, which could estimate about 200 million positions in one second. However, already in the second game Kasparov took a revenge from the computer. And then, after two no-man games, the next two were won by him.