World Chess Champion - King of the Chess World

Many people know that sport temperes the body, teaches to be hardy, courageous and achieve its goal. However, this is still far from everything. Sport also helps to increase the level of intellectual development. Chess is an excellent example. Most people refer to this game as an entertainment and one way to pass the time. If you delve deeper, you can understand that chess is a very organized and common sport. It has its own hierarchy, many different organizations that conduct all sorts of tournaments and competitions. The only difference between chess and other active varieties is that they are not on the list of the Olympic Games. Although there is a kind of compensation for this omission. So, every two years in the world an olympiad is held, where not only the world chess champions among women and men gather, but also newcomers who want to show their outstanding abilities

The origin of sport: Indian Chaturanga

There is a legend according to which this game has firmly entered the life of society. Long ago in India, one Brahmin (cleric) created Chaturanga - entertainment, which was a board with squares alternating in color. Figures were exhibited on these cells. This game was made for the bored in the palace of the king - rajah. The invention pleased the ruling person so much that, as a reward, he offered the Brahmin to choose whatever he wanted. And the priest timidly asked for grain. But in such a way that one grain was initially placed on the first cell. On the second cell there are already two, on the third one it was necessary to put four grains and so on. Later it turned out that the grain in the whole kingdom is not enough to pay a wonderful brahmin gift. Gradually the game was slightly modified. The main difference between Chaturanga and chess is the number of players. If two players take part in the modern version, then the ancient game allowed to unite two pairs of people. Steps in Chaturanga were determined by throwing out bones.

Managing organizations

Gradually, the game spread throughout the globe. It is noteworthy that neither religious nor political communities had anything against this entertainment. Currently, the main organization engaged in various tournaments is the International Chess Federation, abbreviated as FIDE. It was founded in the twenties of the twentieth century. At the end of the second millennium, the world chess champion Garry Kasparov created the PSA - Professional Chess Association, which lasted only three years. However, for such a short period of time she managed to "forge" a lot of strong athletes. The world champion in chess, who has been trained and confirmed his qualification in the PCA, is considered a "champion in the classic game".

Young talent from Norway

Although the sport in question has a long history of its development, international tournaments have been held relatively recently. The last battle for the chess crown took place several months ago. The tournament, held in the Indian city of Chennai, showed the audience a stunning result. For the first time in the history of the championships, the victory was won by such a young young man. The twenty-two-year-old Norwegian Magnus Carlsen was awarded the title of "World Chess Champion". In an honest duel, the young grandmaster won the Indian master Viswanathan Anand. In just ten games, the tournament ended in favor of the young grandmaster. Today, the current world chess champion from Norway leads the list of the most outstanding chess players of the world. In this rating in second place after Magnus Karlsen is Levon Aronian. Vladimir Kramnik, a native of Russia, closes the top three. In addition to serious passion in chess, Magnus Carlsen has also proved himself in the modeling business. His photos often decorate the cover of the popular magazine GQ.

Back home games

Ex-world chess champion was born in India. His name is Viswanathan Anand. He won the title of the best player in the world in 2007. The grandmaster in Madras was born in 1969. His mother was the first Indian teacher. She also taught the future famous grandmaster skill to put "mate". Soon Viswanathan becomes the best player in India. Since 1993, Anand successfully participates in various tournaments of world championships. The rank of "World Chess Champion" Hindu gets in 2007, bypassing Vladimir Kramnik. A year later Viswanathan Anand confirms his title, successfully acting against Bonn. In 2013, a young Norwegian came to the place of the Hindu.

Dear Soviet masters

Vladimir Kramnik is known to the society as the fourteenth world chess champion. The native city of the talented grandmaster is Tuapse. Vladimir was born there in 1975. Kramnik is one of those who with dignity and pride carries the title of champion in "classical chess" according to the version of the Professional Chess Association. In addition, Vladimir Borisovich is a well-deserved master of sports of Russia in this form.

In 1991, Kramnik was awarded the title of International Grandmaster. Until then, his highest achievement was the title of world champion among juniors. Vladimir more than once brilliantly represented Russia at the international olympiads in the national team.

The first significant victory of Kramnik was the triumph of 2000. It was then in London that the Russian put a "checkmate" to his compatriot, the previous world champion Garry Kasparov. Four years later, Vladimir met at the chessboard with Peter Leko. After a long struggle, the Russian defended his high rank. In 2006, Kramnik combined the title of the world champion in the version of the PSU with a similar title by FIDE, having beaten Veselin Topalov in the unification match. A year later, he gives a high title to a native of India - Viswanathan Anand.

Thirteenth World Champion

Another fairly well-known figure in the chess world is Garry Kasparov. The grandmaster was born in 1963. The native of Baku originally bore the surname Weinstein. For the first time, his father planted him on the chessboard. Harry was then five years old. In 1976, the first significant event in the boy's life took place, and he became the USSR champion in chess among juniors. Two years later Kasparov won the Sokolsky Memorial tournament with brilliance, which was held in Minsk. Thanks to this event, Harry was awarded the title of Master of Sports.

In 1980, Kasparov finishes school with a gold medal. The same year was marked by another important event in the life of the young man. In Dortmund, he was awarded the title of world champion among juniors. At that time, Kasparov was the youngest grandmaster in the world.

At the age of eighteen, young talent becomes the champion of the USSR. The first grandmaster's appearance in adult sport took place in 1984. His rival was Anatoly Karpov. The played games of world chess champions became record-breaking in duration. The match lasted several months: from September 1984 to February 1985. The tournament ended in victory for Karpov. The next meeting of the two masters took place in September 1985. The venue for the match was Moscow. It was here that the world champion in chess was determined. They became Garry Kasparov, who defeated the previous "king of the board and pawn" with a score of 13:11. Until the beginning of the twenty-first century, the talented grandmaster repeatedly proved his right to hold a high rank first according to the version of FIDE, and then according to the version of the PSP. Fifteen years after the landmark event, the Russian master lost the tournament to his compatriot, Vladimir Kramnik. Accordingly, the title of world champion was also lost.

Awarded title

Anatoly Karpov is the twelfth world chess champion. A native of the Russian city of Zlatoust, he was born in 1951. Thanks to his father, Karpov, at the age of five, first learned about the world of chess. At fourteen, Anatoly becomes a master of sports in this form. Interesting fact is that Karpov received the title of world champion. Having achieved high results in youth matches, young talent got to the international tournament. His rival was supposed to be Robert James Fisher. However, shortly before the match, the American refused to participate. Thus, the title of the twelfth world champion was received by Anatoly Karpov. In subsequent years, the grandmaster proved that he is worthy of wearing the high rank he received. The chess player performed very successfully at various competitions. On his account, the victory in Milan in 1975. Following Italian triumph followed no less impressive successes in Manila, Rovinj-Zagreb and other cities. Karpov became the champion of the USSR three times. The grandmaster also owns a world record for the number of victories. For all the time of the existence of this sport, no one has succeeded in achieving the results that Anatoly Karpov has achieved.

American Bobby

Robert James Fisher is the first world chess champion from the United States. The world public he is known as Bobby. Chess Information magazine named the American the best player of the twentieth century. A gift to play chess was revealed by her sister. Bobby actively developed his skills, and already at the age of thirteen years he won the title of US champion in chess among the youth. A year later, he increased his rank in the adult championship, becoming the youngest athlete, who achieved dizzying success in such a young age. At the age of fifteen, Fischer becomes a grandmaster, leaving behind behind him the result of Boris Spassky, who received this title at the age of seventeen. With the same chess player took place and the first world tournament Bobby. In 1972, Fischer placed a "mate" on the Soviet-French grandmaster and received the title of champion.

The tenth winner of the world championship

Boris Spassky was born in 1937 in Leningrad. He learned to play chess at the age of five. In the fifties of the twentieth century, Boris Vasilyevich for the first time takes part in the final stage of the USSR championship and with brilliance wins. In the same year, Spassky received the title of International Grandmaster. At the age of thirty-two, he became the world chess champion, defeating Tigran Petrosyan. A few years later he passes the high rank of American Bobby Fischer.

Soviet grandmasters

Tigran Petrosyan was born in 1929 in Tbilisi. The Soviet chess player received the title of international grandmaster in 1952. After a while he became a well-deserved master of sports of the Soviet Union. Having won in the tournament of the contenders in 1962, Tigran enters the world level. There he wins the world title, which belonged to his compatriot Mikhail Botvinnik. After seven years, the title goes to Boris Spassky.

The list of winners of world championships is dominated by the Soviet world champions in chess among men. In addition to the above, they also include Vasily Smyslov, Alexander Alekhin, Mikhail Tal and Mikhail Botvinnik. The latter is the first Soviet champion in this sport.

Mikhail Botvinnik was born in 1911 in the Vyborg province. Thirty-seven years after his birth, Michael became the world chess champion, beating an opponent from Amsterdam, Max Euwe. For the entire time of participation in competitions Botvinnik played twelve hundred parties.

Passing the title to each other

Mikhail Botvinnik's predecessor Max Euwe is the fifth world chess champion. His birthplace is Amsterdam. From the age of four the boy began to take an interest in chess. At the age of ten he began to participate in competitions. And in 1935, Max Euwe was awarded the title of world champion in chess.

The title passed to him, so to speak, by inheritance from grandmaster Alexander Alekhine. For a long time the Soviet chess player confidently dominated other sportsmen. The title of world chess champion Alekhine received after the tournament with the undefeated Jose Raul Capablanca in 1927. Once the title was lost. This happened in 1935 in a match with Max Euwe. However, after a while the championship was restored. The Soviet Grandmaster is the only person in the history of this sport who died undefeated.

"Chess machine"

In 1888, Jose Raul Capablanca-e-Grauper was born in Havana. In the history of chess, he is known as a "chess machine". So Capablanca was nicknamed for no mistakes during the games. His Cuban title won in 1921. His rival was Emanuel Lasker. Capablanca challenged the eminent grandmaster long before the tournament. However, Lasker still did not agree to play with the young talent. Confident victories one after another pursued Jose Raúl, until in 1927 he was summoned to the match by Alexander Alekhine. Then the crown of the ruler of the chess world changed its owner. He became a native of the Soviet Union.

Psychology and game

The second world chess champion is Emanuel Lasker. He was born in 1868 in Germany. He owns an amazing record in the world of chess: the champion title belonged to the German for twenty-seven years. This has never happened in the history of this sport. Many scientists call Lasker a "pioneer" in the field of psychological approach to chess craft. In 1894, at the World Cup in New York, Emanuel won the first victory. He was awarded the title of champion. He successfully performed until he was 68 years old.
In 1836, Wilhelm Steinitz, the first world chess champion, was born in Prague. His teachings had a tremendous impact on the further successful development of the entire history of chess. The title of world champion was awarded to Steinitz at a fairly mature age. At that time he was fifty years old.