Why does the child have blood from the nose? Causes of bleeding from the nose, treatment

Bleeding from the nose is one of the first phenomena among spontaneous loss of blood. And it arises suddenly, scaring both parents and children themselves. Why does the child bleed from the nose? This is more likely due to a violation of the integrity of the vascular wall or poor blood coagulability. In addition, bleeding can be spontaneous, and also appear due to the injury.

Causes of local character

Bleeding from the nose is divided into local and general. In the first case, when the nose flows from the nose , this is due to damage to the nasal septum. It has closely located to the surface of the vascular plexus, which is easily traumatized. Here the reasons can be different, for example, the habit of picking in the nose, the foreign body that has fallen into the cavity and provokes bleeding, a fracture. And small children can put something in the nose and forget about it. In addition, the kid is just afraid to tell his parents about his trick. As a result, the nose begins to bleed with purulent secretions. In such a situation, you should immediately consult a doctor to get the object out.

Common causes

The causes of blood leakage from the nose are, for example, various malignant and benign tumors of the nose. Also, the situation may arise because of curvature of the septum, but it will be observed difficult nasal breathing. Sometimes it happens that the baby has an abnormal structure of the vascular system, so blood can go during a cold. In addition, the presence of fresh and humidified air in the room is important to the child. After all, often the nose is bleeding from the child simply due to over-dried air. As a result, the mucosa of the septum withers, fusing with the vascular system. Therefore, its elasticity and strength are lost. Hence, when sneezing, blowing the mucus crack, then the blood vessel bursts and the blood flows.

Blood coagulability

Often, blood from the nose can go because of such a disease as its poor clotting. Here, the vessels have increased permeability, so any infection such as flu, cold or ARI already causes heavy bleeding. Also to this category can be attributed to hereditary diseases, which are characterized by a violation in the structure of the vascular wall system. In addition, inflammation can also cause blood from the nose. Blood pressure rises, which is accompanied by bleeding. Kidney disease, sunstroke and overheating can also be this reason.

In the process of sleep

Quite suddenly, during sleep, blood from the nose can go. And this loss of blood is one-sided or from each nostril. By time, as well as intensity, there are differences too. Sometimes blood clots appear in small amounts, and then everything stops. In other cases, the blood spills long enough in time to stop the bleeding in this case is difficult. The main thing is to understand that the blood from the nose is not only a sign of trauma, but also a possible disease. Therefore, if a child has blood from the nose every morning, it is necessary to consult a doctor. The specialist is obliged to prescribe a survey, examine the nasal cavity, send it to the radiography for examination of the paranasal sinuses.

Stopping blood with local bleeding

In the event that bleeding occurs due to the proximity of the vessels to the surface of the septum, the specialist may prescribe a cauterization. This can be done in various ways: electricity, laser or liquid nitrogen. Usually, this indication is a constant nosebleed, repeated several times a week (and when attempts to stop the blood are unsuccessful), as well as exhaustion of the child's organism or the appearance of anemia.

General examination

When the blood flows from the nose , the reasons can be of a general nature. There is already a full examination. The list includes blood tests, consultations with other specialists, a hematologist, a pediatrician, a surgeon, for example. With chronic bleeding, the body is depleted, which subsequently forms anemia. Further, immunity suffers, as a result of which resistance to diseases decreases. In this case, if there is oxygen starvation, a pathology appears, and many structural changes become irreversible. Bleeding also happens to be acute, in which the condition deteriorates sharply, which leads to loss of consciousness.

Help with nasal bleeding

The reasons why the child has blood from the nose, a lot. The main thing in case of bleeding is the ability to stop blood properly. After that, it's time to deal with the cause.

1. The child must first be reassured. After all, when you see the blood, the baby experiences stress, and as a result, the blood pressure rises. Of course, this only increases the loss of blood. Therefore, you need to be able to convince the child and all others that everything is in order. There is no danger, and the bleeding will soon stop.

2. The child should be brought to the vertical position. After that, slightly tilt forward so that the remaining blood in the nose will flow out to the end. Also it will allow to see, from what half the blood actually goes. And it is necessary to act in a similar way when it comes to the smallest children. Here, the baby should be picked up and gently tipped forward. It is worth noting that tilting the head back is an erroneous action. All because blood can get into the throat. This leads to the fact that the child chokes. After this, coughing begins with vomiting and increased bleeding.

3. Many do not know how to stop the blood from the nose. The arterial pressure rises, so there is not enough fresh air. You need to unbutton your clothes, and then ask the child to breathe, breathing in your nose and breathing out your mouth. Then, on the nose, put a handkerchief, soaked in cold water. In this case, the legs must be wrapped in a warm blanket, which will promote blood circulation in the nose and stopping its course.

4. It is known that the causes of blood leakage from the nose are a weak vascular plexus located close to the septum. That's why sometimes it is enough to squeeze the hand of the nose wing in this place, so that the bleeding stops. If this method does not help, the child can put a tampon made of sterile gauze into the nasal passage. The main thing is to pre-moisten it with a solution of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, other vasoconstrictors, such as "Naphthyzine", "Otrivin" or "Tizin", can be used.

5. The reason why a child is bleeding from the nose, can become a foreign body. It is impossible to obtain it independently. After all, with an unfortunate coincidence, it will enter the respiratory tract, provoking suffocation. Therefore, the extraction of it should be handled only by a specialist. In addition, it is important at this time to reassure the child and try to help him as quickly as possible.

6. When the baby has headaches, blood from the nose begins to flow, this is a serious reason to also consult a doctor. It is already necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination in order to establish the exact cause of the child's poor health. If bleeding is uninvolved, the above measures will suffice. When providing care, you should monitor the pulse, the degree of consciousness, the general condition of the child. After a stop, you should limit physical activity in the coming days. In addition, you can lubricate the nasal sinuses with petroleum jelly using cotton swabs. This will protect the mucous membrane from drying out.

Indications for hospitalization

Do self-stop bleeding from the nose should be in the first twenty minutes. If no measures taken do not help, the blood does not stop or starts to go again, it requires already medical intervention. Therefore, the child must be urgently transported to a medical facility to receive first aid. Moreover, calling an ambulance will allow you to perform certain actions to stop bleeding already on the way to the hospital. It is worth noting that children who have a clotting disorder, kidney disease, who are in a state of fainting or after an injury, should be immediately hospitalized.

Treatment

When the child enters the hospital, there are already taking certain measures to stop the bleeding. First, find out why the child is bleeding from the nose. If the bleeding occurs through the nostrils, and the source is in the fore parts of the nasal cavity, then the diagnosis is easy to establish. Cauterization with laser, electricity and nitrogen is used here, as mentioned above.

In the case when the blood flows down the posterior sections of the nasopharynx, after which it is swallowed, bloody vomiting appears. This is the first sign of nasal bleeding, which is more difficult to detect. With a large loss of blood, gauze tampons are installed. In addition, hemostatic drugs are used.

Abundant bleeding

If there is a lot of blood loss, which can lead to death, spend an infusion of blood. In especially severe cases, donor blood is used. Also, to stop the blood from the nose, can resort to surgery. Here, a ligation or clogging of large vessels is performed, which ensure the supply of blood to the damaged area. At the same time, it begins to find out the reasons that led to such consequences. All because the blood from the nose is often just a symptom of a certain disease. The diagnosis delivered on time, as well as timely treatment will help prevent adverse events. As a result, this will prevent permanent or temporary bleeding from the nose, and also save your child's life. Therefore, you do not need to postpone the treatment to a specialist, and if your baby suffers from nosebleeds, you need to take urgent measures before you have to call an ambulance to rescue him urgently.