The avenue is ... The main streets of the country

Each city has its own prospectuses. As a rule, these are the main streets of the city. But let's study this question from the point of view of the Russian language and urban planning.

Prospectus in Russian

To begin with, the "prospectus" is a word of foreign origin. This word has Latin roots. The Romans called prospectus the look of the future or the design of the future.

In Russian, the "prospectus" is a polysemantic word. The first and direct meaning of the word is "a wide, straight and longest street in a city or a metropolis." In our native language, the "prospect" was seen in the 18th century, when Peter the Great built St. Petersburg. At that time, the straight and wide streets of St. Petersburg were called Pershpektivami. A little later the word acquired a modern sound and writing. The famous Nevsky Prospekt was called 300 years ago: "a promising road leading to the Nevsky Monastery" or "Nevskaya Pershpektiva". Modern spelling developed only towards the end of the 18th century.

Avenue in town planning

For the town planner, the "prospect" is one of the major and central streets of the city or a street that connects the neighboring parts of one city. Architects have allocated the prospectus with several signs.

Leading signs of the city prospectus

Architects and town planners came to the conclusion that the prospectus must have certain characteristics. Let's consider them:

• No prospectus should have a dead end;
• The beginning and / or the end of the avenue is only (!) The area, the intersection or the traffic intersection;
• In any case, the prospectus must have a through passage;
• On such a large street should be allocated extensive areas for a pedestrian crossing without affecting the flow of traffic;
• Public transport - on the main streets of the city must go city transport.

If these signs are absent, then, most likely, the name "prospectus" is appropriated to the street not according to the rules of town-planning. But the city authorities have the right and the will to apply such a name to the street, depending, for example, on toponymic features or traditions.

In the cities-millionaires there are few prospectuses. At the same time, for example, in Novosibirsk there are not two or three streets, called avenues, but much more:

• Red (6492 meters).
• Dzerzhinsky.
• Dimitrova.
• Nautical.
• Komsomol.
• Builders.
• University.
• Karl Marx.

Many Novosibirsk people believe that the Red Avenue is the longest street in the city. But this is not so. The length of the Red Avenue is 6492 meters. In fact, the record holder for the length in Novosibirsk - Pervomayskaya street. Its length is exactly 7 kilometers.

Prospectuses of Moscow

In the lexicon of Muscovites "prospectus" appeared a hundred years after the emergence of St. Petersburg. For a long time this word they called straight alleys in gardens and parks. Park Izmaylovskiy since the beginning of the twentieth century has preserved the name of avenues-avenues: Elaginsky, Moscow, Izmailovsky and Narodny.

The main Moscow highways began to be called "prospectuses" only from the middle of the twentieth century, after 1950.

Today in Moscow there are streets named so, they are wide and long. Prospects laid near Moscow State University in the southwest of the capital: Vernadsky, Lomonosov, University and Michurinsky.

Prospectuses of Petersburg

Flying over St. Petersburg by plane, you can view its streets. They look like a smart ornament that complements the picturesque bridges over the glistening smoothness of a multitude of rivers and canals.

St. Petersburg Avenue is a story and a memory of great people who lived several centuries earlier. Its streets are original heroes of literary works of Pushkin, Gogol and Dostoevsky. Pass through the historical center of the Northern capital prospectuses: Nevsky, Voznesensky, Admiralty, Greek, etc.

The Sign Street in St. Petersburg

Nevsky Prospekt is a visiting card of the city. In importance, it can only be compared with the Moscow Arbat or the Champs Elysees of Paris. The length of the Neva highway is more than 4 kilometers. It is located from the famous Admiralty to the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. This laurel also gave its name to the tract. The opinion that the prospectus was named in honor of the main river of Peter is erroneous. There is no exit to the river. But the avenue has several bridges over the Fontanka, Moika, etc. The famous bridges of Nevsky:

• Anichkov.
• Green.
• The Kazan.

In 1871 the name "Nevsky Prospekt" was approved by the city authorities. But in 1918 the main road of the city was renamed. They called it "Pr-t 25 October".

The Nevsky route had to be built in order to connect the new part of the city with the Admiralty. At this time the monks were paving their way. We built the road for six years. It was difficult, because on the way of the Nevsky route there were swamps and swamps. This road in a short time became in demand. Peter the First gives the order to erect the Police Bridge (Green), and also to equip the "Nevskaya pershpektiva".

Thus, the avenue is the main street of the city, which is quite wide and long. It identifies areas for pedestrian crossing, not interfering with the movement of vehicles. Also, on the main city highways there should be public transport, which will deliver citizens to the center from remote areas of the city.