Illumination is ... What is enlightenment?

Quite often, when thinking about various important questions, people suddenly find a solution that seems to condescend to them. It is at such a moment that a person exclaims: "Insight dawned on me, it became clear!" However, this lexical unit also occurs in other contexts that have a completely different content. The article will consider what is illumination, what meanings it has.

Direct meaning of a word

Any word of the Russian language has a basic definition, which is usually used in speech. This value is called direct, it lacks a figurative, metaphorical or figurative meaning, so it is understandable to most people. This lexeme has two basic definitions.

In the first sense, the word "illumination" is the same as the verb "illuminate," that is, to brightly highlight someone / something, according to the explanatory dictionary of SI Ozhegov, N. Yu. Shvedova. In the context, this lexical unit can be used as follows: "Illumination of fields by the morning sun", i.e., illumination, endowment with saturated light.

In the second sense, this lexeme is used to describe a sudden clarification of consciousness, a clear understanding of something. For example, "found insight", i.e., the problem was solved, the necessary idea, thought was found. In this sense, the lexeme "illumination" indicates that the process of understanding something was long enough, in the end, the search for a solution to the question is rewarded with a sudden, clear understanding of it.

Many great discoveries were made precisely because of insight. The first known case is the famous "Eureka!" Archimedes, when, plunging into the water, he noticed that her level had changed, became higher. It was at that moment that the great scientist realized how to measure the weight of various things, insight came to him.

Figurative meaning

Not all words in the Russian language are of secondary importance. It is derived from a direct, basic meaning, usually has a figurative, metaphorical overtones. According to the portable definition, "illumination" is enlightenment, the improvement of something, becoming radiant, lively.

A good understanding of the meaning will help the following examples: "enlightenment of the face with a smile," "enlightenment of the soul with hope."

Portable meaning is directly related to the main: how the sun illuminates the field, and a sincere smile can make a person lighter, kinder and more open.

Phraseology

Lexma "illumination" does not occur in the phraseology of the Russian language, but there are stable combinations that convey the meaning of this word: "clarify the problem", "get to the bottom."

This is the phraseology "that's where the dog is buried," whose origin has several versions. This steady expression is pronounced when a thought, idea, suddenly came to grasp the essence of the problem or a difficult task.

Synonyms for "illumination"

Considering the question of what is "illumination", the definition of which was given above, it is necessary to turn to synonymous words for this lexeme. Synonyms are lexical units, similar in meaning, but different in spelling. To words having a direct semantic load, you can choose the following synonyms:

• Lighting is to give light, to be its source. The fields were lit up by the spring sun.
• Clearing - to make it clear, understandable. The thought cleared up.
• Naity is a sudden thought, an inspiration. To go on a whim - subconsciously, on a guess.

A word with a portable value has such a synonym:

• Clear up - become purified, brisk. The look cleared.

Anthonymic lexemes

Illumination is something bright, bright, clear, clear, so it is easy enough to choose antonyms - lexical units having the opposite meaning.

This lexeme has an antonym "darkening", which can be used both in the main and in the portable meaning:

• Make it dark, do not skip the light: darken the windows - close them from lighting, disguise;
• Blur, make it incomprehensible: darken consciousness.

Use of the lexeme in scientific terminology

The word "illumination" is widely used in psychology, where it is a term describing a certain characteristic of human thinking. From the point of view of this science, "illumination" is an instantaneous, sudden, new comprehension, not derived from past experience, it is an understanding of important issues, tasks, relationships, a vision of the essence of the problem as a whole, a way out of the impasse through a deliberate solution of the problem situation.

"Illumination" as a term was first used in Gestalt psychology, which dealt with the study of the intelligence of anthropoid apes. In the course of experiments and research, the well-known psychologist W. Köhler proved that animals are not trained by trial and error, but investigate a problem that did not immediately resolve, examine objects around, and then quickly find the right answer.

Hence, "illumination" acts as a characteristic of human thinking, is an intellectual act when the solution is in the process of understanding the problem as a whole, and not in its analysis. This category not so much explains the process of understanding, how many describes it.

Insight - insight in action

Considering the lexeme "insight", the meaning of the word, one can not go past insight - a term used also in psychology, which means insight in the reality coming during the solution of a specific task.

Psychologists do not have a common opinion about this process. Some argue that insight does not exist, others, on the contrary, conduct various experiments, experiments that prove that there is insight.

Supporters of Gestalt psychology believe that many difficult problems can be solved with the help of insight, which is the third step in the theory of problem-solving problems. The first stage introduces a difficult question, the second - works on the search for answers, the third - actually the insight, the solution found, which can be both true, true, and negative, the fourth is the verification of the answer received.

In this insight is perceived as a bright emotional outburst, which is difficult to confuse with something else. Moreover, emotions will always be positive, beautiful, even with a negative result, as a certain answer is found, though incorrect.

Therefore, insight is also an insight, which means a successful search for a solution, on the one hand, and obtaining a strong vivid emotion on the other.

Thus, the lexical unit in question has several meanings, including direct and portable, actively used as a term in psychology, and also expresses such a real concept as insight. In general, the "illumination" is a bright illumination of the world and of the consciousness of the person, which occurs due to the sun in the first case and a kind of superconsciousness in the second.