System analytical method of research

Every day a person has to deal with a lot of problems, some of them need a quick solution, and some can be postponed for a while. To make a spontaneous decision, intuition is most often used (when the answer comes at the subconscious level) or common sense (the decision is based on available experience and accurate calculation). The latter method, in the opinion of many scientists, is beneficial only in standard situations. However, there are times when the decision must be correct and there is no right to make a mistake, because the outcome can be deplorable. In this case, a system analysis of the research object is used.

By analysis we mean mental work aimed at the mental dissection of a particular object or situation into components in order to find the answer to an interesting question by exploring it. In system analysis, the object is a problem that is divided into sub-problems. This analytical method of research involves the following procedures:
- description of the object,
- the functioning of the object,
- development trends.
This method is extremely necessary for solving problems in which it is impossible to be guided only by common sense.

System analysis as a research method divides the existing problem into several classes:
1) the first class - problems having a certain structure and quantitative characteristics,
2) the second class - problems with a weakly expressed structure, in which there are no clear quantitative characteristics,
3) the third class - problems in which there is no structure.

The analytical method of investigation for the second class of problems has shown that here it is impossible to use only mathematical calculations, it will also require intuition and experience; For the third class it is necessary to translate the problem to a higher level due to intuition and logic, after which to seek a solution.

The advantage that distinguishes the system analysis of the research object from other types of analysis is a deep awareness of the problem, based on the identification of links, which is extremely useful for identifying non-standard solutions, as well as a clear understanding of the purpose and effectiveness of resource use.

However, this analytical method of research has disadvantages, the main among them is the inevitable incompleteness of the study, a rather approximate evaluation of the effectiveness and inability to obtain an accurate forecast.

It is worth noting that it is not possible to completely structure the system analysis as a research method, but the possibility of using some rules that have been confirmed in practice is:
1) Recommend creating the maximum possible number of models to solve the problem,
2) It is necessary to consider the problem both in the static and in the developing state,
3) Use a deductive approach to solving the problem posed.

In order to find the right solution, this analytical method of research involves not only identifying and examining the problem, but also coordinating the solution obtained, on the basis of available practical data on its feasibility, on the basis of which a final judgment is made and a verdict on the decision is made.

In many cases, the problems are for the most part far-fetched, so before you start to solve them, you need to ask a question about their relevance. If the problem does exist, then it will have many associated problems that develop along with it. A very important point is the purpose of the study. It is on its achievement and will be sent all the solutions received.

Depending on the task, different strategies are used to solve the problem. One of those is the system analysis, which allows to decompose the situation "on the shelves" and with the right campaign to find competent options for turning "bad" into "good."