State structure and its forms

One of the main characteristics of a country is the territorial-state system. It characterizes not only the territorial division of the state, but also the distribution of power in each separate unit, as well as the nature of their interaction with each other.

The state structure is divided into a complex and simple. The first includes federations and confederations, and a unitary or single state is considered to be simple. Such a country does not contain separate entities in its composition, and the authorities are divided into certain administrative centers. It has some distinctive properties:

• One system of legislation.
• Unified authorities, which presuppose the presence of legislative, judicial and executive. One governing body controls the execution of the basic functions of similar organizations in the field.
• If we talk about the financial component, then the state structure assumes the existence of one national currency. It displays prices in all markets for goods and services, and accounts are maintained. All other currencies can be exchanged for national, as only it freely operates in the territory of a certain state.
• The general base of the taxation and the uniform tax legislation.

In addition, it can be noted the influence of central authorities and other administrative centers. In this area, there is also a division into species:

1. Mixed.
2. Decentralized.
3. Centralized.

The decentralized unitary state structure is distinguished by the presence of local self-government bodies that have a share of power and are elected by the population of individual territorial divisions. Accordingly, the centralized does not provide for independent authorities in the field, there are officials who are officially appointed by a single governing body.

The form of the state structure of the Russian Federation refers to a complex structure and is a federation that includes separate entities in the form of republics, regions, territories, districts and cities. In connection with such a territorial location, a two-tier system of power is introduced, in which the supreme state administration is present, and the subjects of the federation organize their own legislative, judicial and executive powers. In this case, separate entities are entitled to independently draft constitutional norms. Similarly, a budgetary system is formed: the republican budget revenues are accumulated and the budgets of the constituent entities of the federation independently find their own sources of income and independently plan the expenditure part.

Even during the rule of the USSR, a law was enacted allowing the subjects to freely withdraw from the federation. However, in practice this right was not realized. That is why now in the constitutional law this possibility is not provided. Thus, the subject does not possess absolute sovereignty and does not receive the right of free withdrawal from the federation.

Such a state structure, like a confederation, is an ordinary union or agreement of several countries. A distinctive feature of this form is the sovereignty of each incoming country. They unite to achieve the most important strategic tasks in the field of economy, politics or military support. Relations between countries are fixed by a single treaty or manifesto. You can leave the confederation unilaterally. In addition, such associations, as a rule, do not form a single legislative base, do not introduce a common monetary unit, customs and taxation services, and so on. Coordination of activities is carried out through a single management body, which includes representatives of all countries of the participants in the confederation.