Homeliness, Gardening
Reproduction of rhododendrons by cuttings, layers and seeds. Rhododendrons: Growing and Care
Rhododendrons are common in the Northern Hemisphere. Most often this plant is found in the coastal zones of the seas, rivers, oceans. Flowers of different species of this plant differ in shape, color and size. Experts have about 3000 species, forms and varieties of garden rhododendron.
Planting of rhododendron
In our climate, only winter-hardened rhododendrons can be planted. Growing and caring for these plants is quite simple. Planting can be carried out both in the spring and in the autumn period. It is best to place a pink tree on the north side of the building, in the shade. The soil must be loose, well drained, rich in humus, acidic. Neighbors of the rhododendron can be oak, pine, larch, pear and apple.
To plant a pit should be prepared with a diameter of 60 cm and a depth of 40 cm. 8 buckets of a mixed mixture of peat and loam in a ratio of 1: 1 are covered in it. The mixture is well rammed on the bottom, digs out in it a hole for the root of the seedling.
Pre-seedling should be lowered into the water. After the root is lowered into the hole and covered with earth, it is well rammed.
The bush is abundantly watered and mulched by the trunks with peat, moss or pine needles a layer of 6 cm.
Reproduction of rhododendron
Do you want to have the same beauty on your site as in the photo below? But means are limited? We offer to purchase several shrubs and eventually grow seedlings to do themselves.
Reproduction of rhododendrons in spring can be carried out in several ways. These methods allow you to receive new plants without spending money to purchase new seedlings. The second option is to ask the material from friends. To do this, it is sufficient to take the components necessary for obtaining a new flower.
The method of reproduction of rhododendron directly depends on the purpose of cultivation. When landscaping public places, parks are most often used vegetative way. For planting plants in the private sector, seeds are used. But breeders practice a combination of basic methods.
Seed method
The main method of reproduction of rhododendrons is seed. To do this, pre-prepared boxes of small size and soil for the introduction of seeds. It is better to use acidic soil of airy or loose structure. Such a mixture can be purchased in the store, and you can make it yourself.
There are 2 ways of preparing soil:
- Turfy ground, sand and peat mixed in a ratio of 1: 2: 3;
- Take in equal proportions the sand, the overgrown coniferous earth and silt from the pond and mix thoroughly.
Planting and care
At the bottom of the box it is necessary to lay the drainage from the claydite, on top of which the soil is filled with a height of 4-5 cm. A seedling material is introduced into the box, which is later lightly sprinkled with sand. You can use both purchased seeds, and collected with your own hand from wild or domestic plants. Sowing seeds is better in late January - early February.
We make a hothouse, covering the box with glass until emergence. Periodically, it is raised for ventilation and prevention of dampness. The ambient temperature should be from +15 to +20 о С. Most boxes are stored in greenhouses. Pay special attention to the moisture content of the land. Irrigation is carried out by a diffused jet by means of an atomizer. It is better to use soft water - melted or river water.
Two weeks after planting, the first shoots can be seen. After a few months, nutrients are added. Young plants are fed with a solution of potassium, urea and phosphate. Fertilize plants 2 times a month. It is necessary to remove the weeds daily and gently loosen the earth.
In summer, a box with a pink tree should be placed in the street in the shade. When the first strong leaves appear, each germ is separated and transplanted into a new container. All the summer the plant should grow and strengthen. It should also be moistened, loosened, fertilized. From autumn until next summer rhododendron should be moved to a greenhouse. The next spring the plant is again diving. With the arrival of heat, a green pet is taken out into the street. In the garden you can plant young rhododendron seedlings only after a year, in early August. And in 5 years you can already move the handsome man to the open ground, to the penumbra, to the "permanent place of residence". The flowering period begins in 4 years.
As you can see, reproduction of rhododendron seeds is not difficult.
Cutting
This method has a significant advantage over the seed. After all, plants grown from cuttings, faster bloom. The flowering period begins a year after planting.
Reproduction by rhododendrons occurs as follows. With a young bush, a stem with developed 2-3 kidneys is cut. All the lower leaves are removed and placed in water. Experts recommend using cuttings of stunted plants with large inflorescences. The procedure should be carried out in the early morning.
The soil should be prepared. To do this, mix peat soil and sand in a ratio of 1: 2. Before you make the material in the ground, you should repeatedly cut off its lower part. Make a mini-greenhouse, placing a glass jar above the planted cut.
- Optimal lighting;
- Constant humidity;
- Nutritious land.
The container with cuttings should also be covered with glass, which is removed only for the period of irrigation.
Plant transplantation
After 2 months the plant takes root. During this period, the rhododendron seedlings should be transplanted into another container, with another soil. You can also make it yourself. It will take 1 part of coniferous land, 1 part of sand, 2 parts of leaf land and 2 parts of peat. In autumn, the container should be transferred to a cool place with an ambient temperature of +5 о С.
Next year, a pink tree can be transplanted into an open ground with a scattered shadow. It should be controlled by the humidity of the earth. All the inflorescences that are revealed need to be removed. On a permanent place the plant can be transplanted when a lush branched structure is formed.
Reproduction of rhododendrons by cuttings is one of the most common methods in our area.
Reproduction by layers
The simplest method of multiplying rhododendrons is the use of layers. It is characterized by high survival of new plants. This method of reproduction is often used in the refinement of private plots. Its essence is the rooting of a new flower near the mother's bush.
When multiplying rhododendron by layers, several healthy stems of the plant should be selected. They are cleansed of kidneys and leaves. In the middle of the stem, small incisions are made. In this place the roots of the new plant will be formed. The brood is gently bent to the pit to a depth of 15 cm and sprinkled with peat and earth. The stalk in this place can be fixed with a bracket. The top is left above the ground and tied to the support.
Care of the layer is the same as for the formed bush. It is necessary to constantly monitor the moisture of the ground and the tip of the shoot, which remained on the surface. It should not dry up. The root system of the plant develops slowly in the first season. Transplant the plant only in the next year. The place should be located in the penumbra.
Plant care after separation
The leavers are carefully excavated and separated from the mother system by the root system. The next 2 years it is necessary to regularly water the plant and make nutrients. After that the bush can be transplanted to a permanent place.
If you want to have only one sort of rosewood on your site, then this method is ideal. The plants grown in this way are characterized by a stronger structure. Specialists recommend using this method of reproduction in temperate latitudes for the removal of frost-resistant rhododendrons.
Vaccination reproduction
The most effective method of reproduction of this culture is the method of vaccination. By the method of rootstocks and connection of shoots it is possible to form qualitative and elegant plants. A feature of this method is the possibility of combining both cultures. Specialists use 2 types of inoculations in the cultivation of rosewood:
- budding;
- Copulation.
Oculization - placing on the branch of the base of the bud of the plant. Copulation - placing the stem in a shear or cleavage of the stem.
This method of breeding rhododendrons allows the cultivation of crops that perfectly adapt to specific conditions. As a rootstock, you can choose a variety with a well-developed root system. And for a good lush crown with a large number of large inflorescences it is better to use special varieties. The basis can serve plants up to 5 years old. Annual shoots with developed kidneys are an ideal variant of grafted shoots.
If rhododendron is planned to grow outdoors, the procedure should be carried out from April-month, when the juice movement in the plant is activated.
Grafting in greenhouse conditions
Most often, this procedure is performed in greenhouse conditions. In this case, the percentage of successful results increases many times. For this, in autumn, dig out the rootstock from the soil and plant it in a pot. The plant is placed in a greenhouse. 2 weeks before inoculation, shoots are prepared and lowered into water. This procedure is carried out in February or March. Connect the elements in such a place that it is located closer to the ground. The joint is covered with a plasticine or an insulating tape.
The plant is covered with a glass jar. The ambient temperature should be within +21 o C. It should also worry that the plant does not get direct sunlight. Over the next few years the pet should be transplanted into deeper pits.
Care of rhododendron
Do you want to decorate your countryside? Do breeding and growing rhododendrons! Care for these plants is the same as for others. It should be watered, sprinkled, weeded, fed and shaped bush. Also periodically it is necessary to fight pests and diseases.
You can not dig and loosen the soil around the bush, because you can damage the roots close to the ground. Therefore, weeds should be removed manually.
During the formation of buds, rhododendron is particularly in need of atmospheric and soil moisture. Watering is carried out by soft water - river or rainwater.
Crop the plant is not necessary, it itself forms the correct form. If you want to rejuvenate the bush or remove old shoots, then this procedure is best done in early spring.
Conclusion
Rosewood is a beautiful plant that is very popular with gardeners. Reproduction of rhododendron by cuttings and seeds is the most common methods used in our climatic conditions.
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