Spiritual developmentReligion

Religious picture of the world

What does the concept of "religious picture of the world" include? In the most general sense, it means religious manifestations in a specific state and in the world as a whole, their nature, intensity. Their influence on the life of society and the dynamics of development are also taken into account.

That is, when the religious picture of the world is analyzed, the presence in it of various religions, directions and denominations, interreligious and interconfessional interaction among them is taken into account. They study their percentage ratio, the historical appearance in a particular society and the impact on it.

But in practice it is almost impossible to indicate the actual number of believers belonging to a particular religion. This is due to the ambiguous understanding of the term "religiosity". So, according to the definition of the Orthodox Church, all those who accepted the Sacrament of Baptism belong to it. Although in fact many people call themselves "Orthodox" rather by belonging to a historical and cultural tradition than to a confession.

Most religious scholars believe that the modern religious picture of the world is heterogeneous and developed countries differ significantly in this respect from developing countries. The fact is that the developed countries solve both domestic political problems and foreign policy issues. While maintaining social injustice and poverty, the level of material prosperity of the population is still high in them. Also, the level of education is constantly growing.

But in developing countries, the majority of the population directs their mental and emotional resources to resolve domestic political problems. Here, religions that offer a simple worldview are more appropriate, give definitive formulations and clear calls for action. Of course, in a developed society such tendencies can also manifest themselves, but they do not get too strong due to the prevalence of the educated population.

As the analysis of reality has shown, at the present stage religious groups no longer make commitments and rules so simply, on faith, recklessly. Now all the legacy of the past is carefully checked and studied, especially the scientists of this or that group.

The fate of religion (in a broad sense) was previously predicted by two options: imminent and complete withering away, or, on the contrary, revival with even greater might. Dying, as life has shown, did not happen. Religion still has an impact on public life, only influence this changes its character.

Be that as it may, religious scholars state the fact that the majority of the world's population still adhere to religiosity, only the forms of its manifestation differ.

According to the last years of the 20th century, the religious composition of the world's population is as follows: 1 billion Christians, including 800 million Catholics, 400 million Protestants and 200 million Orthodox; 300 million Buddhists; 600 million Hindus, 800 million Muslims; 300 million followers of Confucius. In addition, there are many unreported cults and currents. Some common, basic religions, too, are not included in this list.

What can be said with complete certainty is that the contemporary religious picture of the world is characterized by the secularization process that has come to an end - the displacement of religion from the life of society. That is, at this stage in most countries, it absolutely does not affect the decision-making in the field of politics or the life of the society, as it was practiced before. The opposite happened: the use by politicians of religion in their own interests.

The completion of the secularization process is connected with modernization, with the development of civilization, with the victory of a pragmatic view of life, a view from the point of view of efficiency and utility.

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