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Developing countries of the third world.

It is customary for developing countries to include states that have relatively recently freed themselves from colonial dependence. In this regard, they are forced to experience a number of unresolved economic, social and political problems. These states are also called third world countries. They occupy more than half of the Earth's entire land, on their territory live about 75% of the world's population.

Composed of 130 countries, this group of states is not homogeneous. Due to constantly progressing political, social and economic processes, their internal situation is constantly changing. It is for this reason that it is very difficult to give an accurate classification to this group of states.

In the category of "developing countries" include Africa, Oceania, Latin America and Asia.

Brazil, India, Mexico, Iran and Argentina are the leading states. They have a powerful economic, resource and human potential.

Countries that have recently made a significant leap in the development of industry (thanks to the use of their labor capabilities and foreign investment), and for quite a short time period have become quite large manufacturers of engineering products, are usually called new industrial states. These are such developing countries of the world as Taiwan, Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore. This group can also be attributed to the states engaged in oil production and export. These include Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Libya, and the United Arab Emirates.

The so-called intermediate states with average indicators are the largest group in the developing countries. These include Chile, Turkey, Egypt, Syria, Colombia, and others.

Developing countries also include small island - states that have significant recreational resources. They are distinguished by a high volume of GDP, have a fairly large population and are the largest tourist centers.

Developing countries have common characteristics, which make it possible to separate them into a separate group.

  • The scale of poverty. Most of the Third World countries are countries with a low standard of living, in which the incomes of the rich exceed the material index of the poor by 7-10 times.
  • Productivity of labor. Developing countries are quite low in this category. The reason for this is that for effective production in such countries, both foreign capital and qualitative improvement of the education system, transformation of ownership forms, improvement of the banking system, tax and land reform, and the creation of a new, non-corrupt administrative apparatus are needed. In addition, the very attitude of employees to work and to improving their skills is important, as well as discipline, initiative, the ability to adapt to change and attitude to power. It can be argued that low productivity in the third world countries is caused mostly by noncompetitiveness (emotional and physical) in the labor market.
  • The population growth in these countries is high. 40% of the inhabitants of third world countries are children under 15 years old. For this reason, the cost of maintaining the disabled part of the population is several times higher than in the developed countries.
  • The unemployment rate is marked as high and growing.
  • The economy of developing countries. Practically in all states pre-industrial types of production are closely adjoining the latest developments in the field of science and technology. As a result, the development of the national economy is not harmonious. Increasingly, in order to accelerate the growth of the economy, the state carries out direct intervention, implementing the policy of statism.

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