Reinforced concrete beam: types and features

It is difficult to imagine today modern construction, in which a reinforced concrete beam is not used. Such elements are indispensable in the construction of various types of structures and overlappings. Reinforced beams are also used in the arrangement of airport runways, temporary access roads, and the construction of bridges. The material used for their manufacture is durable and resistant to a variety of types of influences, so that these ceilings are extremely durable. And the process of their installation is quite fast.

Reinforced concrete beams: production

Prefabricated reinforced concrete beams (GOST 20372-90, 24893.2-81, 24893.1-81) are manufactured only in factories, and monolithic ones are produced by pouring a concrete solution into pre-prepared reinforcement structures, the rods of which are stretched using jacks. The material is sealed by vibration technology. The solution in the mold solidifies in about 12 hours, after which the product is taken to the open air to consolidate its properties.

When making it, one important parameter must be observed: the concrete mix should be distributed as evenly as possible throughout the mold space. To create these products, the brand of concrete 200 and above is used. The finished reinforced concrete beam has a design load of more than 450 kilograms / force per square meter.

Varieties of beam structures

All modern products are divided into three groups, depending on the mode of production:

1. Prefabricated - are manufactured in the factory;
2. Monolithic - poured into the construction site;
3. Prefabricated-monolithic.

The most popular type of beams is an assembly structure, which is made of heavy concrete grades. It is strong enough, it has high technical characteristics, it is immediately ready for installation.

Beams of reinforced concrete flooring GOST 28737-90: type of construction

In the construction area, there is a subdivision of types of beams according to the type of construction:

• Gable are usual and latticed, are denoted by BSD;
• Single-skinned reinforced concrete beams are briefly called BSR;
• Rafter with parallel belts - BSP and others.

Foundation beams

For their production use special brands of concrete, which are characterized by high technical characteristics, or rather strength, reliability. Such a reinforced concrete beam is widely used in large-scale industrial construction. Ideal for areas where there are often tremors and increased seismicity. This type of beams is designed for very large loads. Their installation provides high-quality waterproofing, completely eliminating the contact of slabs with the ground. Sometimes they are used for mounting window and doorways.

Rafting reinforced concrete beams

This group combines several types of reinforced concrete beams:

• One-stage;
• Gable.

According to the configuration of the upper belt, they can be either broken or curved. This type is widely used in roofing works, in particular, it is used to build reliable and strong floors, which must withstand high loads. For example, rooms with crane equipment. It can be enterprises with industrial specialization, large warehouses, agricultural complexes, which include the unloading / loading of heavy objects, as well as other types of similar works. The rafters of reinforced concrete beams are equipped with special rail fasteners, which are used to fix the equipment.

Rectangular beams

BP - the type of beam most often used in construction. The most popular of these are special models, which are equipped with a shelf located on the top or bottom. The main element of the construction of the T-shaped section is just such a beam. Reinforced concrete ceilings (dimensions can reach 24 m) are collected from spans, the length of which should not exceed 12 meters. In construction, this type is considered to be the strongest and most powerful. Also there is a LB with a L-shaped section, they are designed to support the facades.

It is worth noting that reinforced concrete construction is one of the most promising industries, which has pushed aside the use of bulky designs of solid metal and an archaic tree. Due to the optimal ratio of cost and quality level, the reinforced concrete beam can rightly be called the ideal material for modern industry.