Bath in black with their own hands. Baths: construction of baths, projects

Bath is a structure whose historical roots go back to ancient times. So, for Greeks and Romans this room was needed not so much for ablution, as for conducting conversations, reading poems and conducting feasts. In Russia, these buildings were allowed to be erected for those who had enough land for this. Home sauna in a black drowned only once a week, on Saturdays. And ablution, according to our ancestors, gave clarity to the mind, freshness and vivacity, beauty and youth.

What now?

Today, the construction of baths is also in demand, as is the construction of suburban housing. Many owners of cottages outside the city are striving to supplement them with these buildings. And construction companies offer services for the construction of a whole bath complex along with the creation of a residential object, while they are performed in the same style and architectural solution, and therefore the surrounding landscape looks harmonious.

Bath in black in its traditional form is less and less common. Typically, this is a small log cabin, in which a stove is installed, and there is no pipe. It is no accident that in ancient times such rooms were called smoky or soap-black. However, true "gourmets" and connoisseurs of tradition and their origins prefer such options.

How is the Russian soap built?

Bath in black is a modest log cabin, in which there is a stove, but there is no pipe. That is, the smoke does not go outside, but falls into the steam room. As a consequence, the walls in such a building are sooty, and hence the name "smoky". The main features of the room in the absence of equipment and maximum simplicity. It is noteworthy that such a bath can not be called not conforming to sanitary requirements. In fact, soot is even useful for the following reasons.

1. It does better temperature indicators.
2. Soot, which remains on the walls, perfectly absorbs odors.
3. Smoke has a disinfecting effect: due to the content of formaldehyde, phenol and acetic acid, microbes and bacteria are killed.
4. Even in a bath-house in black you can create an ideal setting, for example, having painted the walls of a steam room in some color.

Design features

The traditional Russian sauna in black has a unique structure. The use of logs in it is not accidental: they pass air well, so in the absence of a pipe, it leaves just through the walls. In such a building, no additional ventilation is needed. For firewood, birch or aspen wood was used, and their laying played an important role. The main thing in a black bath - do not forget to coat the walls with water, which allows you to refresh the air in it. Today, such buildings are gradually returning, because it is a tribute to the traditions and the opportunity to realize the old in the modern world. In addition, the furnace in black is beneficial: you can save on fuel consumption, while avoiding heat loss.

Features of the bath in a black

They are as follows:

• Logs should pass air well;
• It can only be heated by firewood;
• When the firebox needs to open doors, windows - this will allow smoke to escape;
• The thermae should warm up well.

Few people know, but in Russia it was in this bathhouse that the birth took place, because here, contrary to many prejudices, it is clean and environmentally safe. In summer the building is heated for about 2 hours, in the cold, a little longer. All the soot that accumulates, settles on the walls, so you can not be afraid of getting dirty.

How to make a sauna in black?

As already mentioned, for its construction it is best to use logs, because their structure is such that the walls will pass smoke well. The rest of the construction process will be conducted according to traditional principles. First, we select the foundation. It depends on the features of the site, namely the ground and the weight of the log. For example, for a bath house more than 20 tons the base will require a powerful, for example, reinforced concrete tape type. And for a lightweight construction, a natural foundation, created from simple stones, is suitable. On this basis, the structure can stand more than 100 years!

The second important point concerns the water supply system. Today, to bring water to the construction is not difficult, because you can buy pumps that go down into the well, or install them in the well. Ideally, even a bath in black should have a whole water supply system to ensure that the supply was stable and constant. Traditionally in the Russian bath water was heated from the oven, into which the boiler was built. True, in this case the room became too damp. Often the water heated up and in a wooden barrel: hot stones from the stove were thrown into cold water, thus warming it.

Walls and shelves

Bath in black with his own hands is created from wood, best of all from a log. Earlier in Russia, a tree with a diameter of at least 18 cm was used, which made it possible to quickly heat the room, and at the same time save on the consumption of firewood. The inner part of the walls is not covered, but warming is necessary. To do this, you can use a jute tape. For erection of a pair it is best to take softwood, for example, pine, cedar. If you need a more economical option, it's worth using pine. To create a shelf, take alder, linden or aspen. They are well cleaned, while they have a long service life.

Any bath should be small, in Russia it was generally modest huts. However, today you can choose any sauna project in black, in which design ideas will be realized. Let's admit, not a rarity of construction, in which, besides a therma and locker rooms, there is a swimming pool, a sauna, a rest room.

Dancing off the stove

It is she who considers the heart of a bath. To make the room comfortable and functional, sauna ovens in black must have a certain size. Suppose, for a building with an area of about 12 m ^{2, the} stove should be not less than a meter and a half in length and a meter in width. It is not necessary to put it on its own - it's best to entrust this process to professional companies. The hearth can be made any - square, round, hexagonal, rectangular. For brickwork, you will need to purchase brick, cobblestone, jadeite and talcochlorite. The oven should be located so that the room warms evenly.

A brick hole is created above the structure, which will distribute heat evenly from the steam and heat across the room. In this case, several holes with a diameter of 10 cm should be made in the wall: with them, the intake of fresh air will be regulated when the front door is locked. To get a good steam, the heater must be equipped with suitable stones, preferably basalt or volcanic rocks. Very popular for these purposes is a soapstone, which is resistant to high temperature and heat capacity. Thanks to him, the most reliable and warm baths are created.

Construction of baths: projects, technologies, ideas

To build a soap, we need a frame. The foundation for it can be built pile, because under the log construction it is quite enough. On the ground, pour the plate on which the furnace will be located, at least 20 cm thick. Then you need to build a trench through which water and sewerage will be supplied. The floor in the black bath will become warm on the basis of concrete screed and reinforcement. Our design will consist of two compartments - in the first there will be a furnace, in the second - a steam room. Optimum are the dimensions of the room 2.5 x 3 meters, while the oven will stand on the cooker with the dimensions of 2 x 2. If you make a sauna in black with your own hands, it is important to remember the insulation. You can use ecowool for this purpose, which is a chopped waste paper, impregnated with boric and brown acids. It fills all the cracks between the logs to protect them from the effects of fungus, putrefaction and rodents.

How to drown?

This process seems simple, but in fact it turns out that drowning a bath is also an art. On your skills depends on what the quality of the steam will be, and how quickly the room warms up. It is necessary to heat the sauna properly, that is in the summer 2-3 hours, in winter - 3-5 hours. The first stored wood can smoke, and this is considered the norm. It is necessary to wait until the stones heat up: the smoke will immediately become much less. When the second laying of firewood the room starts to warm up well, and the third bookmark is only needed in cold winters. After the bath is heated, the coals should be infused for about 40 minutes. During this time they can only be stirred. At the last stage of the furnace, it is necessary to water the walls, floor and ceiling abundantly, after which brush away the ash from the stones. The washing should be ventilated, the door closed tightly. If the bath is properly heated, the heat in it will be stored for about 10 hours. If more steam is needed during washing, you should splash the ladle-another water directly on the stones. They will warm up again, and the room will become warm.

What to consider?

The construction of baths (projects, incidentally, are needed for both black and white baths) - this is accounting for a number of small things. For example, great attention should be paid to the thermal insulation of walls, ceiling and floor. For this, the doors are made lower, and the windows are additionally mounted with double or triple glass. Very often before baths were made without a stove - instead of it, the fuel was put under the grate, and stones were put on it. As the smoke gases passed through the grate, they spread throughout the room, and the washing and steam rooms, as a rule, were a single room. Thanks to the smoke, the stones and the walls of the bathhouse warmed up.

conclusions

Thus, the sauna in black is not only a tribute to the traditions, but also the opportunity of arrangement of this premise is maximally competently and profitable for its owners. Experienced bankers know how to maintain the level of steam even after the process of burning is completed. Of course, many soot deters many, which remains on the surface of the walls. However, as we have already said, it is absolutely safe for our health. And if you do not want to wash in such a room, then you build an ordinary bath - with a stove, a pipe, with lots of rooms. However, remember that it will have to be spent on its arrangement. The main thing is to know that without a bath and a country house it seems incomplete.

A large selection of projects that many construction companies can offer is a guarantee that each customer will find a development that meets his requirements and capabilities. And what kind of bath will be - white or black - it's up to you. In any case, this building will be nice and useful to spend time!