Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region: Animals and Plants

The Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region is a special document in which rare and endangered animals and plants of the region are recorded. It is interesting that previously there was a similar list, but it included inhabitants of the entire Middle Urals. However, since 2006, the Sverdlovsk region has its own replenished list. Unauthorized extraction of animals and use of plants from it is strictly punishable by the law of the country. Who also includes the Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region? Animals and plants, photos of them - this is the theme of this article. Supervises the work on compliance with the document Sverdlovskoye Ministry of Natural Resources.

Plants

The Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region includes a large list of representatives of the plant world. Let's analyze the main representatives.

Cheremsha . It is also called onion victorious. The plant is rather tall, reaches 70 cm, with a rounded white-green inflorescence. Fruits in late summer. As a result, a box with seeds appears. Plant-longevity: there are cases when the ramson lived for 40 years. Cheremsha is an excellent remedy for fighting scurvy. Since ancient times, the inhabitants harvested it for the winter, they eat the leaves in their raw form. It has exciting properties.

Burachkin Lensky Refers to the cabbage family. The plant is low, a maximum of 20 cm, the stems are very hard, prone to stiffness. Foliage has a grayish hue, the inflorescence is yellow with fairly large stamens. Prefers steppe and forest-steppe.

Heather ordinary. Prefers pine forests and swamps. As a rule, it grows together with certain plants, forming the so-called moorland heath. This evergreen plant is difficult to confuse with any other because of the bright purple small flowers with which the stem is strewn. Particularly good honey from this flower, it helps to cope with bronchial asthma, completely cleanses the body of toxins. Such honey is also shown in kidney diseases. Limiting factors are associated with draining of marshes, peat extraction.

Ferns

Contains some species of ferns Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region. Animals and plants in it are fixed in a special way, there are also those that are included in the Red Book of Russia. And, for example, the latent smoky curly is included in many Red Books of the regions. This low fern prefers to grow among stony slopes. However, limestone does not like, but prefers granite. Has a bright greenery, which forms a low bush (20 cm). This plant is an excellent remedy for worms. Disappears due to the mining of minerals, which is conducted in places of growth.

Kostenets is also included in the list of specially protected plants of the Sverdlovsk land. However, unlike the concealer, prefers limestone slopes. It is slightly lower than it, the leaves are sparse, small-triangular, forming peculiar rosettes.

Two types of woods are also under threat : Asian and elegant . Also prefer limestone surfaces, they do not tolerate direct sunlight and excessive dampness.

Lichens

Among the lichens, which contains the Red Book of the Sverdlovsk region, it is worth noting that I am getting very long . This plant has a very limited habitat: the valley of the river Auspia. This lichen is epiphyte because it lives exclusively on trees, but does not parasitize on them, but simply uses the trunk to attach to it. He prefers to fall asleep on fir trees, wrapping it with his thin fibrils, like blond hair.

According to its useful properties, it can be treated as Icelandic moss. It is a powerful antiviral and antibacterial agent. However, to use it for this purpose is external.

Another lichen is melonella brown-black . He prefers to settle on damp stones, sometimes he chooses trees. The thallus is round and has a brownish matt color. The diameter reaches 10 centimeters.

The main limiting factor for lichens is pollution of the atmosphere, because it is from the air that these organisms synthesize nutrients.

Insects

The Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region (animals and plants, photos of them are presented in this article) contains a large number of insects. Here are some particularly interesting species.

Cicada mountain . Its uniqueness lies in the fact that this song is the only one in the middle belt of the country from singing cicadas. This equinoquent insect in 2 centimeters long has a fairly strong body with a weak spotted pattern. 20 mm wings are transparent, have black veins. He prefers to settle on equal steppe areas, well warmed up. Lives on bushes or trees. The insect feeds on plant juices. The limiting factor is a too long development cycle: the larva before hatching needs 6 years to lie in the ground.

Ant lion is a specially protected representative of the net-winged. The insect got the name because of the way of life of its larvae: the funnel is pulled out, they sit in it, sticking out their long jaws, and they wait until the ant and spider slip on the edge of the sandy hollow, which they immediately eat.

As a result, an insect of a three-centimeter length grows from the larva. Prefers lichen pine forests. The limiting factor is the development of forests, as a result of which the habitats of larvae are destroyed.

Fish and reptiles

The Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region in a special way protects fish and reptiles. So, it included tugun and nelma - two endangered fishes, both - inhabitants of the basin of the Arctic Ocean. The first belongs to the squiggly squad, a 20-cm squad that has fishing value, and why the number decreased. The second belongs to the salmon group, more than a meter long. The problems of the limiting factor are associated with low reproduction.

The broken spindle is a special lizard, it has no legs. It is quite long - 50 cm. However, like all lizards, it can throw off its 20-centimeter tail. She is confused with another representative of the Red Book, a mednyka. This snake is a kind of snakes of small length: rare individuals reach a meter.

Birds

What other classes contain the Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region? Animals and plants with a photo of her - the subject of our article. The class of birds is very numerous in the Red Book. Here there are peaceful, insectivorous birds, and predators.

For example, a small bittern is the smallest of the genus herons: about a little more than 35 centimeters in size. It is interesting that males can be distinguished by a characteristic "cap" on the head of black feathers. Also its color is similar to olive, while the female is brown-buff. Lives on ponds with standing water, feeding on small fish. The reasons for the decline in numbers are the development of the shoreline of reservoirs where the bittern lives.

Also protected in the Sverdlovsk land are swans, miter and a klikun, white stork, steppe and meadow moons .

Tundra partridge refers to the chicken. It is interesting that by winter it changes its plumage to white, in the summer it has a grayish color. It lives on rocks covered with bushes.

Among the birds of prey it is worth noting the hawk owl and the gray owl . The first one differs in that it does not have characteristic "ears". Coloring - contrasting stripes of brown across the whole body. The second has a coloring very similar to a tree bark. Also does not have "feathers" of feathers.

The main limiting factor of bird-dwellers of forests is mass cutting and draining of marshes, major habitats and nesting.

Mammals

Among mammals, bats are of particular concern: seven are listed - more than half of all other animals. Reduction of the species is due to the fact that bats live in large colonies, respectively, the destruction of the place of their settlement leads to a sharp decrease in the number. It is possible to list the nights: Brandt, Moustached, water, pond, Brown Ushana, northern leather jacket and bat of Natusus .

A fascinating flyer includes the Red Book of the Sverdlovsk Region (animals and plants). The description of the animal is as follows: a small animal, similar to a squirrel. Distinguishes her special membrane, which opens when you jump from tree to tree. The limiting factor is the destruction of forests in which the animal lives.

Representative of large animals in the Red Book is the reindeer . Its disappearance is associated with a change in the snow cover: it becomes denser and smaller, which prevents the animal from extracting food from under the snow and quenching thirst.

Also from the order of mammals are guarded an ordinary hedgehog, an otter and a European mink .