Pedagogical technologies of teaching: essence and main tasks

The essence of the concept of "pedagogical technologies"

A special direction in pedagogical science - pedagogical technologies of teaching - appeared in the sixties of the last century. It originated in the US and England, and eventually spread to other countries. The emergence of this concept and the research direction in pedagogy is not a mere coincidence. Initially, when Western countries began to introduce technology into the educational process, pedagogical teaching technologies were associated with technical teaching aids. Later, the term "teaching technology" was born from the term "teaching technology", the essence of which is the substantive technique of educational and educational processes.

Today the notion of " pedagogical technologies of education " includes a cumulative knowledge of the means and methods of organizing and conducting educational and educational processes. Also, pedagogical technologies can be described as a kind of training that is scientifically grounded and organized in such a way that in the final result it is possible to reach a feasible, concrete goal in the education, development and upbringing of the student. Starting to develop training technologies, it is possible to predict both the activities of the teacher and the student. In this case, TSOs can be used, or may not be used.

The very term " pedagogical training technologies " has two meanings:

1) methods, methods of processing, filing, changing information provided for training;

2) a science that studies the ways teachers influence their pupils during the learning process, which is conducted using technical and information means.

Thus, the components of learning technologies - means, content and methods - are interrelated and interdependent. Mastery of teacher-teacher and is determined by how accurately he planned the content of the educational material, applied effective methods, used the teaching tools in accordance with the pedagogical tasks.

Pedagogical technologies include three main activities:

Traditional teaching technologies ;

- developing technologies;

- Personally-oriented technologies.

Features of traditional learning technologies

The traditional type of training has existed for almost half a century. It is presented by the class-lesson system, the obligatory element of which is the lesson. Classes are held simultaneously with the whole class. The role of the teacher at the same time is to explain the content of the teaching material, to transfer knowledge, to develop skills, to evaluate the results of the reproduction of the learned. Therefore, traditional teaching technologies are often reproductive. The teacher in this case is given the main role, and his efforts are mainly aimed at the qualitative presentation of educational information. The responsibility of the student is the reproduction of the acquired material.

Basically, the traditional type of teaching is presented by an explanatory-illustrative method of submitting material.

Traditional training technologies have their own positive characteristics, and negative ones, but it is not worth completely abandoning them.

Features of application of technologies of training in the higher school

In the university, the planning of the technology of education provides for the creation of a project for the content of the discipline under study, the selection of training tools and methods, and the forms by which the educational process will be organized. Consequently, the technology of teaching in higher education provides for the structure of the educational material offered to students, tasks, exercises and tasks that contribute to the formation of both educational and professional skills, the accumulation of the initial experience of activities related to the future profession.

It should be noted that the technology of education in higher education consists of:

- goals set for training;

- the content of the training itself;

- the forms by which the training process is organized;

- means of cooperation between teachers and students, their mutual activities;

- the results of activities that determine the degree of professional preparedness.

Therefore, the teaching technologies provide for the organization of the educational process, management of it, and also control over it. All components of this process are in mutual relations and mutual dependence