Painters are landscape painters. Russian landscape painters

Since time immemorial, people have always admired nature. They expressed their love, depicting it on all sorts of mosaics, bas-reliefs and paintings. Many great artists devoted their creativity to drawing landscapes. Pictures, which depict forests, the sea, mountains, rivers, fields, truly fascinate. And we need to respect the great masters who, in such detail, colorfully and emotionally, conveyed in their works all the beauty and power of the world around us. It is the landscape painters and their biographies that will be examined in this article. Today we will talk about the works of great painters of different times.

Famous landscape painters of the 17th century

In the XVII century there lived many talented people who preferred to depict the beauty of nature. Some of the most famous are Claude Lorrain and Jacob Isaac van Ruisdael. With them we will begin our narrative.

Claude Lorrain

French artist Claude Lorrain considered the founder of the landscape of the period of classicism. His paintings are characterized by incredible harmony and an ideal composition. A distinctive feature of the technique of K. Lorren was the ability to perfectly transfer sunlight, its rays, reflection in water , etc.

Despite the fact that the maestro was born in France, he spent most of his life in Italy, where he left when he was only 13 years old. He returned home only once, and then for two years.

The most famous works of K. Lorren are paintings "View of the Roman Forum" and "View of the Port with the Capitol". In our time they can be seen in the Louvre.

Jacob Isaac van Reysdal

Jacob van Ruisdal - representative of realism - was born in Holland. During his travels to the Netherlands and Germany, the artist wrote many notable works, which are characterized by a sharp contrast of tones, dramatic color scale and coldness. One of the most striking examples of such paintings is the "European Cemetery".

However, the artist's work was not limited to gloomy canvases - he portrayed and rural landscapes. The most famous works are considered to be "View of the village of Egmond" and "Landscape with a water mill".

XVIII century

For painting of the XVIII century there are many interesting features, during this period new directions in the mentioned art form were laid. Venetian landscape artists, for example, have worked in such areas as a landscape landscape (another name is a master landscape) and an architectural (or urban) landscape. And the driving landscape, in turn, was divided into exact and fantastic. A vivid representative of the fantastic guides is Francesco Guardi. His imagination and technique can envy even modern landscape artists.

Francesco Guardi

All without exception, his work is characterized by an impeccably accurate perspective, a wonderful transfer of flowers. Landscapes have some magical appeal, it is simply impossible to tear them away.

His most admirable works can be called canvases "The celebratory ship Doge" Buchintoro "," Gondola in the lagoon "," Venetian courtyard "and" Rio dei Mendicanti. " All of his paintings depict the views of Venice.

William Turner

This artist is a representative of romanticism.

A distinctive feature of his paintings is the use of many shades of yellow. It was the yellow palette that became the main palette in his works. The master explained this by the fact that he associated such shades with the sun and the purity that he wanted to see in his paintings.

The most beautiful and enchanting work of Turner is the "Hesperid Garden" - a fantastic landscape.

Ivan Aivazovsky and Ivan Shishkin

These two people are truly the greatest and most famous landscape painters of Russia. The first - Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky - portrayed in his paintings a majestic sea. The riot of the elements, the rising waves, the spray of foam breaking on the side of the tilted ship, or the quiet, serene surface, illuminated by the setting sun - the seascapes delight and amaze with its naturalness and beauty. By the way, such landscape painters are called marine painters. The second - Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin - liked to portray the forest.

And Shishkin, and Aivazovsky - landscape painters of the 19th century. Let us dwell on the biography of these personalities in more detail.

In 1817, one of the most famous marine painters of the world, Ivan Aivazovsky, was born.

He was born in a wealthy family, his father was an Armenian businessman. There is nothing surprising in that the future maestro had a weakness for the sea element. After all, the homeland of this artist was Theodosius - the most beautiful port city.

In 1839, Ivan graduated from the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, in which he studied for six years. The style of the artist was greatly influenced by the works of the French marine painters K. Vernet and C. Lorren, who painted their canvases according to the canons of baroque-classicism. The most famous work of IK Aivazovsky is the painting "The Ninth Wave", executed in 1850.

In addition to the seascapes, the great artist worked on depicting battle scenes (a vivid example - the painting "Chesme battle", 1848), and also dedicated many of his paintings to the themes of Armenian history ("Visit to G. G. Byron Monastery Mkhitarists near Venice", 1880 G.).

Aivazovsky was lucky to achieve incredible fame during his lifetime. Many landscape painters, who became famous in the future, admired his works and took an example from him. The great creator passed away in 1990.

Shishkin Ivan Ivanovich was born in January 1832 in the city of Yelabug. The family in which Vanya was brought up was not very well-to-do (his father was a poor merchant). In 1852, Shishkin begins his studies at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, a graduate of which he will become in four years, in 1856. Even the earliest works of Ivan Ivanovich are characterized by extraordinary beauty and unsurpassed technique. Therefore, it is not surprising that in 1865, for the painting "View in the vicinity of Dusseldorf," II Shishkin was given the title of academician. And after eight years he received the title of professor.

Like many other landscape painters, Shishkin drew from nature, spending a long time in nature, in places where no one could disturb him.

The most famous canvases of the great painter are "Forest Wilderness" and "Morning in the Pine Forest", written in 1872, and an earlier painting "Noon. In the vicinity of Moscow "(1869)

The life of a talented person was interrupted in the spring of 1898.

Many Russian landscape painters use a lot of detail and color rendition when writing their canvases. The same can be said about these two representatives of Russian painting.

Alexey Savrasov

Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov is a landscape painter with a worldwide reputation. It is he who is considered the founder of the Russian lyrical landscape.

This outstanding person was born in Moscow in 1830. Since 1844, Alexei began his studies at the Moscow School of Painting and Sculpture. Already from his youth, he was noted for his special talent and ability to portray landscapes. However, despite this, for family reasons, the young man was forced to interrupt his studies and resume it only four years later.

The most famous and all favorite work of Savrasov is, of course, the canvas "The Rooks Have Arrived." It was presented at the Mobile Exhibition in 1971. No less interesting are the pictures of IK Savrasov "Rye", "Thaw", "Winter", "Proselok", "Rainbow", "Elk Island". However, according to critics, none of the artist's works compared to his masterpiece "The Rooks Have Arrived."

Despite the fact that Savrasov wrote many beautiful canvases and was already known as the author of wonderful paintings, he is soon forgotten about him. And in 1897 he died in poverty, driven to despair by family troubles, the death of children and alcohol addiction.

But the great landscape painters Can not be forgotten. They live in their paintings, from the delights of which breathtaking, and which we can still admire to this day.

Second half of the nineteenth century

This period is characterized by the prevalence in Russian painting of such a direction as the everyday landscape. In this channel, many Russian landscape painters worked, including Vladimir Egorovich Makovsky. Not less famous masters of those times are Vasily Polenov, Arseniy Meshchersky, as well as the previously described Aivazovsky and Shishkin, whose work was in the mid-second half of the nineteenth century.

Arseny Meshchersky

This famous artist was born in 1834 in Tver province. He received his education at the Imperial Academy of Arts, where he studied for three years. The main themes of the author's paintings were forest and winter landscapes. The artist was very fond of depicting in his paintings magnificent views of the Crimea and the Caucasus with their majestic mountains. In 1876 he received the title of professor of landscape painting.

The most successful and famous canvases are the paintings "Winter. Icebreaker "," View of Geneva "," Storm in the Alps "," Near the Forest Lake "," Southern Landscape "," View in the Crimea ".

In addition to Russian nature, Meshchersky also passed on to the beauties of Switzerland. In this country, he for some time gained experience with the master of landscape painting of Kalam.

And the master was fond of sepia and engraving. In these techniques, he also created many remarkable works.

A lot of paintings of the artist in question were demonstrated at exhibitions both in Russia and in other countries of the world. Therefore, many people have time to appreciate the talent and identity of this creative person. The paintings of Arseniy Meshchersky continue to please many people who are fond of art, and to this day.

Makovsky Vladimir Egorovich

Makovsky V. Ye. Was born in Moscow in 1846. His father was a famous artist. Vladimir decided to follow in the footsteps of his father and received an art education in the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, after which he went to Petersburg.

His most successful paintings were "Waiting. At the prison, "" The collapse of the bank, "" Explanation, "" Night shelter "and" Spring Bacchanalia. " The works mainly depict ordinary people and everyday scenes.

In addition to the household landscapes, of which he was a master, Makovsky also painted portraits and various illustrations.